Download All of the following glands consist of paired or multiple structures

All of the following glands consist of paired
or multiple structures except the ________.
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
ovary
testes
thymus
parathyroid
adrenal
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
The so-called "flight or fight" response
is mediated by which hormone(s)?
20%
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
1. epinephrine and
norepinephrine
2. insulin
3. testosterone
4. thyroid hormone
and calcitonin
5. cortisol
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Cortisol, like all other adrenal cortical
hormones, is a steroid; its action is related to
________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
the activation of an inactive
enzyme via cAMP
the generation of a second
messenger within the target cell
ligand binding to a membrane
receptor
interaction in some way with the
promoter portion of a gene
the activity of a kinase within the
target cell
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Pesticide contamination and errors
in frog metamorphosis ________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
have been shown to be unrelated to
one another
appear to be related to a disruption
of thyroid function
seem to occur when pollutants
mimic the action of thyroid hormone
and growth becomes too rapid
are difficult to demonstrate since
pesticides typically have low
solubilities in water
are intensified when tadpoles living
in polluted water receive
supplemental thyroid hormone
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
All of the following can contribute to
rickets except ________.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
1. low dietary calcium
2. low concentrations
of vitamin D
3. low secretions of
PTH
4. kidney failure
5. low secretion of
calcitonin
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Some patients have hypothyroidism, but not
a goiter; a situation occurring when
________.
20%
1.
2.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
iodine consumption is low
the hypothalamus
overproduces TRH
thyroid hormone levels rise
above the set point
excessive iodine has been
consumed
the thyroid fails to produce
TSH
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Type 2 diabetes is characterized
by ________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
unusually low insulin
production
symptoms which typically
begin during childhood
blood sugar levels which are
unusually low
the receptors on target cells
becoming less responsive to
insulin
insulin injection replacement
therapy
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Which type of signaling molecule diffuses
through the air or water to target other
individuals of the same species?
20%
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
hormones
pheromones
neurotransmitters
local signaling
molecules
5. eicosanoids
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
During stressful situations such as Hurricane
Katrina, the body may produce high levels of
secretions from the ________.
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
adrenal cortex
adrenal medulla
parathyroid gland
posterior pituitary
pineal gland
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
The secretion of hormones by the anterior
pituitary is often controlled by releasing
hormones secreted by the ________.
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
thalamus
anterior pituitary
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary
pineal
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Cortisol is produced by the adrenal gland. In
its feedback loop, low levels of cortisol first
stimulate the ________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
anterior pituitary to secrete
ACTH
adrenal gland to secrete
cortisol
posterior pituitary to secrete
ACTH
hypothalamus to secrete
corticotropin releasing factor
adrenal medulla to secrete
corticotropin stimulating
hormone
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Which of the following serves as both a
hormone and a neurotransmitter?
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
acetylcholine
somatotropin
norepinephrine
insulin
epinephrine
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Robert Wadlow, the world's tallest human,
was 8'11" he suffered from an
overproduction of ________.
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
somatotropin
thyrotropin
adrenocorticotropin
prolactin
calcitonin
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Which of the following hormone
pairs have antagonistic effects?
20%
1.
2.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
glucagon/insulin
epinephrine/norepinep
hrine
parathyroid/thyroxin
estrogen/testosterone
none of the choices
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Tadpoles which develop in pesticide-contaminated waters
often show developmental abnormalities; these
abnormalities can be reduced by the addition of what
hormone to the water?
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
testosterone
thyroxin
insulin
melatonin
thymosin
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Biologists suspect that melatonin
may be associated with ________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
decreasing age of puberty in
children who watch evening
television
jet lag
difficulties in sleeping
reported by students who
spend hours at computers
drowsiness associated with
dim lighting
all of the choices
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
In Graves' disease, ________ causes
weight loss, anxiety, tremors, heat
intolerance, and protruding eyes.
20%
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
hypoglycemia
hyperglycemia
hyperthyroidism
acromegaly
ketoacidosis
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Insulin shock occurs when
________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
a diabetic administers too
much insulin or forgets to eat
insulin level fall and blood
sugar levels rise
ketoacidosis lowers the pH of
the blood
a diabetic patient is given
something containing sugar
target cells fail to recognize
insulin
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
Diabetes describes two different endocrine
disorders; in diabetes insipidus ________.
20%
1.
20%
20%
3
4
20%
blood sugar levels are typically
high
ADH production is low and
urinary output is abnormally high
hands and feet grow excessively
large
blood sugar levels are typically
low due to insulin irregularities
calcium is lost from bones,
which become brittle and break
easily
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
20%
2
3
4
5
1
2
5
All of the following hormones are regulated
at some level by the hypothalamus except
________.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3
4
20%
1. thyroid hormone
2. cortisol
3. testosterone and
estrogen
4. glucagon
5. oxytocin
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
5