Download Lecture 2 - Pegasus Server

Announcements
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Pegasus server access
Books on reserve
Thebrainmcgill website
Jan 17, 19 and 24, 20-30 minutes of class
end, brain models will be available as
needed for students to study
Organization of the Nervous
System
Overview of the
Central (CNS),
Peripheral (PNS),
Autonomic (ANS),
Enteric (ENS)
Nervous Systems
Atlas Online
• connection.lww.com/products/bear/sample
material.asp
• Read chapters 1 and 2
• Read the illustrated atlas
• Use chapters 3 and 4 as extra reading if
needed for exam 2
Views of the Brain
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Link to the brain mcgill:
From simple to complex
Neurological level
intermediate level
Planes link button
Beginner level
3D view of brain
Thebrainmcgill
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Link to the brain mcgill:
From simple to complex
Neurological level
beginner level
Each lobe link button
The physical brain link button
Brain General Divisions
• Superficial Structures
– Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brain Stem (midbrain,
pons, medulla)
• Cerebral Hemispheres,
– Right & Left
• Four Lobes per Hemisphere
– Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal
• Deep Structures
Basal Ganglia and Thalamus
Vocabulary
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Gyrus & Sulcus
Grey and White Matter
Nuclei and Ganglia
Fissures
Anterior, Posterior, Rostral, Caudal, Dorsal
Ventral, Sagittal, Horizontal,
Frontal/Coronal
Gyrus (gyri) and Sulcus (sulci)
Gyrus=folds on surface of brain
Sulcus= grooves on brain’s surface
Purpose:
increases surface area of the cortex so you can
accommodate more neurons
most developed part of brain
most recently evolved part of the brain.
Cerebrum
• Paired cerebral hemispheres
both together referred to as
cerebrum
Cerebral Hemispheres
• Right controls left side muscle and sensory
• Right involved in spatial reasoning/parallel
processing
• Left controls right side muscle and sensory
• Left involved in logical reasoning
• In most humans, right controls language
Four Lobes in Each Hemisphere
External surface divided into 4 lobes
Frontal lobe process conscious control of movement
and behavior & personality
Parietal lobe processes sensory information from
muscle and skin
Temporal lobe is involved in processing hearing, and
language
Occipital lobe subserves visual systems
Regional Specialization
• Processing of information is segregated in
specific areas of the brain and separated by
function.
Microscopic Cortical
Organization
• cerebral cortex: outer layers have gray
matter with soma, synapses dendrites
• Inner area has white matter=Myelinated
afferent and efferent axons
Nuclei
Collection of neuronal somas in
the deeper brain structures