Download EVOLUTION HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT

EVOLUTION HOMEWORK
BIO H
DR WEINER
Multiple Choice (4pts)
1. Which of the following provides clues about the size and structure of once-living organisms?
a. DNA sequence comparisons
b. Fossil evidence
c. Embryological development
d. Vestigial structures
2. Which of the following is NOT a part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
a. individuals with favorable adaptations will generally survive and produce more offspring
b. variations among individuals exist in a population
c. individuals with unfavorable variations never reproduce
d. species alive today descended with modification from earlier species
3. A farmer’s use of the best livestock for breeding is an example of
a. Natural selection
b. Artificial selection
c. Adaptation
d. Extinction
4. Which of the following does NOT provide evidence that evolution has occurred?
a. Fossil records
b. Natural variation within a species
c. Homologous structures among living organisms
d. DNA sequence comparisons
5. Artificial selection and natural selection are similar in that
a. both were suggested by Darwin
b. adapt species to their environment
c. depend on variation among individuals
d. occur over millions of years
6. The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce is known as
a. fitness
b. evolution
c. adaptation
d. diversity
7. Which of the following is needed for new species to evolve?
a. a niche
b. homologous structures
c. analogous structures
d. reproductive isolation
8. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely to result in changes in allele frequencies
over time
a. Random mating
b. Small population size
c. No natural selection
d. No migration into or out of a population
9. If species A and species B have very similar DNA sequences for a particular gene, which of
the following is probably true?
a. Species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
b. Species A evolved independently from species B for a relatively long period of time
c. Species A is younger than species B
d. Species A is older than species B
The following questions are based on a gene with 2 alleles, A and a. The frequency of A is 0.73
10. What is the frequency of a?
a. 0.73
b. 0.27
c. 0.53
d. 0.07
11. What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype ?
a. 0.53
b. 0.07
c. 0.20
d. 0.40
12. What is the frequency of the recessive genotype?
a. 0.53
b. 0.07
c. 0.40
d. 0.93
13. What is the frequency of the dominant phenotype?
a. 0.53
b. 0.07
c. 0.40
d. 0.93
Short Answer Questions (7 pts)
1. Compare and contrast stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.
2. Compare and contrast divergent evolution/adaptive radiation, convergent evolution, and
coevolution.
3. Discuss the techniques evolutionary biologists use to help them study the evolution of organisms.
How are these techniques useful and what information can be obtained?
4. Explain the process by which new species form from a common ancestor.
5. Explain the different factors that can result in changes in allele frequencies. What does the Hardy
Weinberg equilibrium tell us?
6. The following data was collected on a population of fish:
GENERATION
1
2
3
SPOTTED FISH
235
178
150
BROWN FISH
252
300
373
The spotted fish are recessive and the brown fish are dominant
a. calculate p and q for each generation of fish
b. is the population in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium? Why or why not?