Download Worksheet 15.1

Name _______________________ Per ____
Section 15.1: Evolution
Directions: Read p. 393-403 and answer the questions to the best of your ability.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
What scientist came up with the theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? _____________________
Evolution is defined as the ____________________ in ____________________ over ___________.
The theory of evolution is supported by _______________ evidence.
True or False: The tortoises of the Galapagos Islands are among the largest on Earth.
What idea of Thomas Malthus helped Darwin formulate his theory? ___________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Darwin realized that individuals _________________ to _________________ in changing environmental
conditions
Darwin observed that the traits of individuals _______________ in populations. Those variations are then
___________________.
Humans purposely breeding animals with desirable traits is called ___________________ selection.
Natural selection is a mechanism for ________________ in populations and occurs when organisms with
favorable variations __________________, _____________________, and _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
An adaptation is any ______________________ that aids in the chances for ___________________
Adaptations in species develop over many ____________________________
A structural adaptation in which one species resembles another species is called ________________
A species blending in with its surroundings is known as _____________________________
Identify the type of structural adaptation that the statement describes. Use these choices: mimicry,
camouflage, both.
a. ______________________ Enables an organism to blend in with its surroundings
b. ______________________ Provides protection for an organism by copying the appearance of another
species
c. ______________________ The coloration of a flounder that allows the fish to avoid predators
d. ______________________ Involves changes to the external appearance of an organism
e. ______________________ A flower that looks like a female bee
Explain IN YOUR OWN WORDS why penicillin doesn’t work so well anymore. ___________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Physiological adaptations are changes in an organism’s ___________________ _________________
Why do you think organisms like bacteria and insects evolve physiological changes so quickly?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
The ancestors of whales were probably _________-dwelling ______-like creatures
Give three examples of homologous structures.
a. __________________________________________
b. __________________________________________
c. __________________________________________
Give two examples of analogous structures.
a. __________________________________________
b. __________________________________________
A body structure in a present-day organism that no longer serves its original purpose is known as a
____________________________ structure.
22. Give three examples of vestigial structures
a. ______________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________
23. At the earliest stages of development, the embryos of fish, birds reptiles, and mammals all have a
_____________ and _______________________ __________________
24. Nearly all organisms share _________, ___________, and many _________________ among their biological
molecules.
25. Organisms that are biochemically similar have fewer differences in their ________________________
sequences.
26. Complete the chart by checking the kind of evidence described.
Evidence
Type of Evidence
Homologous
Analogous
Vestigial
Embryological
Structure
Structure
Structure
Development
A modified
structure seen
among different
groups of
descendants
In the earliest
stages of
development, a
tail and
pharyngeal
pouches can be
seen in fish,
birds, rabbits,
and mammals
Exemplified by
forelimbs of bats,
penguins, lizards,
and monkeys
Eyes in a blind
fish
DNA and RNA
comparisons
may lead to
evolutionary
trees
Bird and butterfly
wings have the
same function
but different
structures
A body structure
reduced in
original function
but may have
been used in an
ancestor
27. Summarize: List 5 lines of evidence that support the theory of evolution.
a. ______________________
b. ______________________
c. ______________________
d. ______________________
e. ______________________
Genetic
Comparisons