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Chapter 3 Evolution, Biodiversity & Pop. Ecology
Case Study: Saving Hawaii’s Native Birds (summarize)
Essential Questions
1. How does natural selection work?
2. How does evolution create biodiversity?
3. What causes extinction?
4. How do populations grow?
5. How is logistical population growth different than exponential growth?
Cornell Notes
Evolution -> Biodiversity Species:
Population:
Evolution:
Natural Selection:
Adaptation:
Mutation:
Nat. Selection
Types of Nat. Selection
1.
2.
3.
Evidence of Nat. SelectionArtificial SelectionBiodiversity:
How does it happen?
SpeciationFossil Record = evidence of speciation
Extinction
Endemic SpeciesMass Ext6th Mass Ext-
Eco-Organization
Levels of Ecological Organization
Niche
- generalist
- specialist
Pop Growth
Population
- pop density
- pop distribution (3.14)
random
uniform
clumped
Survivorship Curves (3.15)
Equations
Exp. growth = J Curve (3.16)
Limits to Growth
- limiting factors:
- carrying capacity:
- logistical growth (3.17)
Limit Factors
- density dependent
vs.
- density independent
Reproductive Strategies
Carrying Capacity:
r=
K=
How to conserve biodiversity?
Summary (answer essential questions with detail… be sure to ask questions in margins of C-Notes)
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Chapter 4 Species Interactions & Community Ecology
Case Study: Zebra Mussels (summarize)
Essential Questions
1. What are the different ways species interact? (compare/contrast)
2. How does energy move through an ecosystem?
3. What makes a keystone species and why are they important?
4. How do ecosystems change over time? (discuss succession)
5. What are the problems with invasive species?
6. What factors affect how biomes form? (compare/contrast ones in USA)
Cornell Notes
Species Interactions
Intraspecific:
Interspecific:
Reduce competition = coexist
Fundamental Niche (4.2)
Vs.
Realized Niche
Exploitative
Interactions
3 types
1.
2.
3.
Other Interactions
1.
2.
Energy
Energy Flow- Trophic Levels
Producers
1 consumers
2 consumers
detrivores
decomposers
Food Chains, Webs, Pyramids
*** Keystone Species
Community Response to Resistance:
Disturbance
Vs.
Resilience:
Succession
Invasive Species
Primary:
Secondary
-> Climax Community
Pioneer Species
***Invasives
Restoration Ecology
Biomes
Temperate Deciduous Forest
What affects their
formation?
Temperate Grassland
Which are in USA?
Temperate Rainforest
Tropical Rainforest
Tropical Dry Forest
Savannah
Desert
Tundra
Boreal Forest
** Chaparal
Rain Shadow Effect:
Summary (answer essential questions with detail… be sure to ask questions in margin of C-Notes)
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