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INTRODUCTION 9/8/10 1:13 PM ANATOMY OF THE COMPUTER CPU (Central Processing Unit) The heart of the computer. Made up of transistors (50 million+). MOTHERBOARD Where the CPU is located as well as a series of buses to connect the different components of the computer (keyboard, hard drive, screen, mouse, printer, etc.) 3 TYPES OF STORAGE • Primary storage: RAM (Random Access Memory) Temporary storage that allows the CPU to perform multiple simultaneous tasks. o Two drawbacks RAM is lost when the computer is shut down (powered down); it’s expensive. • Secondary storage: Hard Drive Can store information without a power source. • External storage: Any that can connect externally to the computer o External HD o Flash Disk o Online storage (email account) o CDs, DVDs o USB drive o Phones o iPods, mp3 players Peripheral Devices Anything that can connect externally to the computer • Mouse • Keyboard • Printer • Camera/Video • Speakers/Headphones • Audio interface • Thermometers WWW Basics • History o Tim Berners-Lee Particle Physicist In 1980 wrote a program called “Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything” to access private data across multiple machines. In 1989, after leaving and returning to his company, no one had taken his idea, so he suggested to use hypertext-based system across different computers and databases. 1990 he and a team of computer scientists developed the Web browser the Web servers a protocol to communicate between server and client the HTML language a URL to define different websites. • IMPORTANT TERMS o Server a hardware (machine) running a set of software applications that retrieve and request data and formats for display by a web browser. o Protocol the method used to communicate between the browser and the server. We use HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) o URL Uniform Resource Locator is the address of a file and generally consists of four parts: http:// this is the protocol www indicates your are accessing the world wide web. sjprep.org is the actual server, or domain sjprep the owner org type of owner (others include .com, .edu, .net, .gov anything that follows is literally a folder or a file on the computer o HTML Hypertext Markup Language Hypertext is a file that looks like code on the surface, but through a web browser can connect to images, font styles and colors, videos.