Download INTRODUCTION ANATOMY OF THE COMPUTER CPU (Central

INTRODUCTION
9/8/10 1:13 PM
ANATOMY OF THE COMPUTER
CPU (Central Processing Unit)  The heart of
the computer. Made up of transistors (50
million+).
MOTHERBOARD  Where the CPU is located as
well as a series of buses to connect the different
components of the computer (keyboard, hard
drive, screen, mouse, printer, etc.)
3 TYPES OF STORAGE
• Primary storage: RAM (Random Access
Memory)  Temporary storage that allows
the CPU to perform multiple simultaneous
tasks.
o Two drawbacks  RAM is lost when the
computer is shut down (powered down);
it’s expensive.
• Secondary storage: Hard Drive  Can
store information without a power source.
• External storage: Any that can connect
externally to the computer
o External HD
o Flash Disk
o Online storage (email account)
o CDs, DVDs
o USB drive
o Phones
o iPods, mp3 players
Peripheral Devices  Anything that can connect
externally to the computer
• Mouse
• Keyboard
• Printer
• Camera/Video
• Speakers/Headphones
• Audio interface
• Thermometers
WWW Basics
• History
o Tim Berners-Lee  Particle Physicist
 In 1980 wrote a program called
“Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything” to
access private data across multiple
machines.
 In 1989, after leaving and returning
to his company, no one had taken his
idea, so he suggested to use
hypertext-based system across
different computers and databases.
 1990 he and a team of computer
scientists developed
 the Web browser
 the Web servers
 a protocol to communicate
between server and client
 the HTML language
 a URL to define different
websites.
• IMPORTANT TERMS
o Server  a hardware (machine) running
a set of software applications that
retrieve and request data and formats for
display by a web browser.
o Protocol  the method used to
communicate between the browser and
the server.
 We use HTTP (Hypertext Transfer
Protocol)
o URL  Uniform Resource Locator is the
address of a file and generally consists of
four parts:
 http://  this is the protocol
 www  indicates your are accessing
the world wide web.
 sjprep.org  is the actual server, or
domain
 sjprep  the owner
 org  type of owner (others
include .com, .edu, .net, .gov
 anything that follows is literally a
folder or a file on the computer
o HTML  Hypertext Markup Language
 Hypertext is a file that looks like
code on the surface, but through a
web browser can connect to images,
font styles and colors, videos.