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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:
Chapters 17 - 19
READING NOTES
Points
Chapter 18: The Heart
Page 679: External Anatomy of the HEART
Page 681: Internal Anatomy of the HEART
1. Page 682 – 684 / Pathway of BLOOD
Trace a drop of blood from inferior vena cava, through heart, and to aorta.
2. Page 684-686 / Heart valves
What is the main function of HEART VALVES?
How many valves are there in the human heart?
Name them.
3.
Anatomy & Physiology
Pages 691 – 692 / Sequence of Excitation
Explain how impulses travel through each of the following areas of the heart.
1) Sinoatrial node
2) Atrioventricular node
3) Atrioventricular bundle
4) Right and left bundle branches
SCORE = ______/ 15
5) Purkinje fibers
4.
Pages 692 – 698
Define the following:
 Arrhythmias

Fibrillation

Electrocardiogram

Heart murmur

Cardiac output

Stroke volume
What is the normal resting volume for heart rate? _____ beats per minute
Critical Thinking and Application
5.
A gang member was stabbed in the chest during a street fight. He was cyanotic (skin turning blue) and
unconscious from lack of blood delivery to the brain. The diagnosis was cardiac tamponade. What is cardiac
tamponade and how does it cause the observed symptoms?
HINT: See HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE on page 676.