Download Ch. 11 Stem Notes

Name _______________________________________________________ Period: __________ Date: _________________
AP Bio. Chapter 11 Note Stems: Cell Communication (Cells - Membranes)
1. 11.1 external signals are converted to
responses within the cell
a. evolution of cell signaling explain
figure 11.2
c. What are G protein coupled
receptors?
d. What are G proteins?
b. what is signal transduction pathway
c. Explain communication among
bacteria
d. What is local signaling
e. What are Receptor tyrosine
kinsases?
f. What are Ion channel receptors?
e. What is long distance signaling
g. What are Intracellular receptors?
2. Three stages of cell signaling: Explain
them.
a. Reception
b. Transduction
c. Response
3. 11.2 reception: a signaling molecule
binds to a receptor protein causing it to
change shape
a. What is a Ligand?
b. What do receptors in the plasma
membrane do?
4. 11.3 Transduction: cascades of
molecular interactions relay signals
from receptors to target molecules in
the cell
a. What are signal transduction
pathways and what do they
generally lead to in a cell?
b. What is Protein phosphorylation
and dephosphorylation and what is
its importance in the cell?
Name _______________________________________________________ Period: __________ Date: _________________
AP Bio. Chapter 11 Note Stems: Cell Communication (Cells - Membranes)
c. What do Protein phosphatases do?
c. Explain the specificity of cell
signaling and coordination of the
response, give specific examples
d. What are Second messengers?
e. What are the two most widely used
second messengers?
d. Explain scaffolding proteins
f. What does Adenylyl cyclase do?
g. What is the relationship between
Calcium ions and inositol
trisphosphate or (IP3)?
h. Describe the maintenance of calcium
ion concentrations in an animal cell
5. 11.4 Response: cell signaling leads to
regulation of transcription or
cytoplasmic activities
a. Explain nuclear and cytoplasmic
responses
b. What is signal amplification and
what is its advantage?
e. What is the importance of
termination of a signal?