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These are the notes you will study for the test on Rome IX
Roman upper Class=Patricians-Senate
New Middle Class-Equites x-Tribunal
Lower Class=Plebeians x
2 Leaders=Consuls
Senate
Tribunal
Triumvirate=3 rulers
Anno Domini-“In the year of our Lord”=AD
1) What is a “Legion?”
2) A soldier in a legion was called what?
3) What happened to deserters and derelicts?
4) The Romans treated the conquered foes like this other empire we have studied?
5) What was an occupied territory called?
6) The Romans built roads. They were called what?
THE PUNIC WARS
7) Rome vs who?
8) The Romans called the Carthaginians what?
THE FIRST PUNIC WAR
9) What was the cause of the First Punic War?
10) Rome captures most of Carthage’s colonies where?
11) What type of battles does Carthage keep winning?
12) Rome builds a larger, more powerful what?
13) Romans invent a new naval tactic, called what?
14) After losing the war, Carthage agreed to pay an?
THE SECOND PUNIC WAR
15) The great general from Carthage was who?
16) Hannibal takes the colony back where?
17) Hannibal then takes the war toward Italy with 30,000 _________ and 30
_______________.
18) The Carthaginians army fears a mountain chain they are getting ready to cross, what is
it?
19) Hannibal beats the Romans really bad at the Battle of ________.
20) The Romans rally under the leadership of whom?
21) Scipio decides to take that war back to where?
22) Hannibal is recalled to his homeland and in 202 BC is defeated by Scipio at the Battle of
__________.
THE THIRD PUNIC WAR
23) The Romans burned what city?
24) The Romans turned the citizens into what?
25) What did the Romasn sow into the ground?
26) With this victory, Rome now controls the entire western part of what sea?
EAST
27) The Romans are having trouble controlling Asia Minor and ____________.
28) The leaders of these countries have trouble adapting to Rome’s what?
29) What does “looting” mean?
30) A country that is under Romes rule is called a ___________.
31) The provinces rebelled, especially the Jews in _______.
32) Define Latifundia33) Small farms were _________up and the Romans used _______ labor because it’s
cheaper. Now the agricultural monopoly controls the ________market. Poor farmers
move to __________. Now ___________is overcrowded with the poor, which creates a
new class of people called ________.
34) What class elects Tiberius Gracchus?
35) Tiberius Gracchus makes reforms, but is killed in a what?
36) Gaius Gracchus makes more reforms but he is killed in what?
MARIUS AND SULLA-THE FIRST CIVIL WAR
37) Gaius Marius is elected as a what?
38) Marius creates a professional Army that owes its allegiance to their leader, not their
_________.
39) Marius has a rival in who?
40) Sulla provokes Marius into a Civil War, who wins?
41) Sulla proclaims himself what?
42) What type of government now rules Rome?
THE FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
43) Who are the two other Consuls when Julius Caesar comes to power?
44) Around 60BC, these three formed the first what?
45) Caesar left the Consuls and took a military command where?
46) What type of people did he defeat there?
47) Who tries to copy Caesaar and is killed in North Africa in 53 BC?
48) Pompey fears Caesar and orders him not to cross what river?
49) Caesar does not listen, which is in violation of Roman ______.
50) Rome is now in its second ________ ________.
SECOND CIVIL WAR LEADS TO JULIUS CAESAR, DICTATOR FOR LIFE
51) Julius Caesar looks after the ____________, adds ______________to the Senate, even
creates a Calendar, now called the _____________calendar.
52) Eventually who kills Caesar.
-When is he killed?
THE SECOND TRIUMVIRATE
53) Octavian is leader of what part of the empire?
54) Marc Antony is leader of what part?
55) Lepides is leader of what part?
56) Ocatavian forces who to retire?
57) Marc Antony marries who?
58) Who declares war on whom?
59) What happens in 30 BC between Antony and Cleopatra
60) Who is now dictator?
THE ROMAN EMPIRE
61) What does Pax Romana mean?
62) Octavian Changes his name to what?
63) What does emperor mean?
64) Who is the first Emperor (Caesar)?
65) Agustus Caesar rules from when to when?
66) Who was the emperor when Jesus was born?
67) Augustus rebuilds ___________, supports the ______________, changes the way
_______ are collected.
THE JULIAN EMPERORS (Related to Julius Caesar and most are mentally ill)
-Tiberius was unstable
-Caligula was mentally disturbed and killed by a palace guard. He was the grandnephew of
Caesar and died in AD 41
-Claudius was the uncle of Caligula and became senile on the throne. He died in AD 54.
-Nero was Claudius” stepson. He was cruel and insane, killing Christians and bankrupting Rome
on horseracing and music. He died in AD 68.
THE GOOD EMPERORS-AD 68-96
-The new government reverts back to the old theocracy
-The law of Rome is called the “Twelve Tables” in which we get our “innocent until proven
guilty”
-The army is all professional
68) In this amusement, people bet and watched horses race?
69) In this amusement, people went to the coliseum and watched men fight until death?
70) What architecture housed all the Deities of Rome?
71) What new building material did the Romans invent?
72) What carried water from the mountains down to Rome?