Download anatomy/physiology lecture - Cole Camp R-1

ANATOMY/PHYSIOLOGY LECTURE
Circulatory System Anatomy
▪FUNCTION OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
▪1.Transportation —
▪2.Regulation —
▪3.Protection —
I. THE HEART
▪Is a
▪It lies in the __________________________(The middle of the chest) with the
______________(The point of the heart) on the diaphragm
▪________lies to the LEFT of the midline
▪________is on the RIGHT side
▪________________________
▪Covered with a loose fitting inextensible sac which is called the _______________
_________________________________
▪Heart is lined with serous pericardium which called the ____________________
▪The last layer is called the ___________________________________
▪There is a small space between the parietal and visceral layers (Parietal and Visceral
are part of the Serous Pericardium) which contains a few drops of
__________________ __________________________ which protects the heart
against friction.
▪1. _______________________ — The muscle wall itself
▸_________________________________________— Heart Attack
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▸Myocarditis —
▪2. _____________________________ — The inside layer, lining
(middle layer)
▪3. Epicardium —
▪There are __________________________ and
___________________Cavities
(Chambers)
▸1. __________________ — Left and Right Upper Cavities
▸2. ______________________— Left and Right Lower Cavities
(Pumping Chambers)
–The Left Ventricle is ________ thicker than the Right.
–The Ventricle walls are ___________________than the Atrium in order to fight
gravity.
▪FACTS:
▸There are about
▸Heart is size of an adults
▸It weighs about ___________ in female, ____________in male
▸It beats __________________________in one lifetime
▸It will pump ________________________ of blood in ________________.
▸One blood cell takes _______________to complete One Cycle (from start to
finish).
▪ Between the atrium and the ventricles - __________________________________.
▪These openings are guarded by _____________________________.
–_________________________— _______________side of heart (____ ligaments)
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–_______________________________ — ____________side of heart (____ ligaments)
(A.k.a. _____________________________)
–Mitral Valve Prolapse??
▪3 PARTS OF CUSPID VALVES
▪1. ______________— Keeps valve closed
▪2. ___________________________________________— (“Tendon cord”)
Connector between #1 and #3
▪3. _________________________________________— Opens and closes the valve
▪___________________________ — Guard the opening to a blood vessel
▸________________________________________ —Right ventricle into the
Pulmonary artery
▸________________________________________ -- Left ventricle into the aorta
▪The branches from the __________________________________start to branch behind
the semilunar valves.
–
Left Ventricle —
–
Right Ventricle —
▸Each ___________________________receives blood only from one branch of its
respective coronary artery.
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▸1. ______________________________________________ — Hearts natural
pacemaker, small mass of modified _________________________located at the
junction of the ____________________________________ and the right atrium.
▸This sets the rate of the heart beat and the heart rate which can be altered by 2 things:
▸
▸
a.
b.
▪2.__________________________________________________ — Small mass of
modified cardiac muscle located in the _______________________________
________________________________________.
▪
** ___________________________________________: The muscle that divides
the two ventricles
▪3. __________________________________________________________________
▸Special cardiac fiber originating in the AV node.
▸They extend down ___________________________________________to the apex.
▪4. ___________________________________— Extensions of the Bundle of His
fibers which extend out the walls of the ventricle.
▪The Right Ventricle __________________________on contraction where the Left
Ventricle _________________________on contraction.
▸This causes a ______________________________movement of the heart.
▪Each contraction delivers ______________________________________
▪5 types of blood vessels
▪ A) ___________________________________ — Carry blood away from the heart.
▸
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▪B) _____________________________________ — Carry blood to the heart.
▸
▸Veins are the ONLY vessels that contains _______________________to prevent back
flow.
–_____________________________________ —
All venous blood from the
heart muscle collects here, leads to the right atrium.
▪C) ___________________________________— Microscopic vessels that have two
special types:
▸ 1.
▸ 2.
–_____________________________:
▪
Path of Blood thru Vessels:
▸
▪ 1.
▸ Made of _____________________________________________
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▪ 2.
▸ Causes _____________________________________
▪ 3.
▸Made of _______________________________
▪1)
▪2)
▪3)
▪The average size adult has about ___________________of blood. Approx.
▪How do you figure Blood Volume?
▪Blood Volume
=
▸
▪Figure Your Blood Volume.
▪How do you stack up??
▸Men =
▸Women
=
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_________
▪Blood constitutes about ________________of total body weight
▪2 types of blood:
▸A. __________________________________ — Leaves the heart
–Arterial blood with exception of that going to the lungs is ________________
_________________________________________________________.
▸B. ___________________________________ — Blood returning to heart
–With exception of that blood from the lungs which has a _________________
_________________________________________________________.
▪Blood has a viscosity between __________________________.
▸Water has a viscosity of _______
▪Blood has a pH level of ______________________________________.
▪Blood has a temperature in the _________________ of about
___________________________.
▪Blood is composed of 2 parts.
▪a) ________________________— Formed elements
▸The Formed Elements constitute _________________ blood volume.
▸Total Blood Volume is called _______________________
▪b) __________________________ — Plasma
▸Plasma constitutes _______________of blood volume
▸Plasma is a _____________-colored liquid consisting of _______________________.
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–
__________________________is the major solute in plasma.
▸Plasma include the Clotting Agents:
▸
J) TYPES OF CIRCULATION
▪
1) ___________________________________________
▸
▪2) ____________________________________________
▸
▪3) ____________________________________________
▸_________________________________runs from fetus to the placenta.
–
–
–
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–There are also ________________ umbilical arteries and
____________ umbilical Vein.
▪CORRECTING FETAL CIRCULATION
▸The onset of ____________________signals these openings to close.
▪1) FORAMEN OVALE —
▪2) DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS —
▪3) DUCTUS VENOSUS —
▪
1) ________________________________________________
▸
When the flap of skin doesn't completely cover the hole properly
▪2) ______________________________________(4 problems in one) —
** Causes a “________________________________”
▸a. ________________________________________________— A hole in the
septum between the ventricles
▸b. ________________________________________________— When the aorta
is not hooked up to the left ventricle properly.
▸c. _______________________________________— Pulmonary trunk is too
small to serve its purpose.
▸d. _______________________________________— The right ventricle will
enlarge in order to compensate for the 1st 3 dramas.
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▪1) __________________________________________— This is commonly referred to
as “______________________________________________”
▸If a woman produces antibodies against the Rh factor, these antibodies can
pass across the placental boundary and cause Hemolysis of the Rh positive
RBC’s of the fetus.
▸SYMPTOMS:
▸The venous system is _____________________, the arteriole system is
____________________.
▸The veins from the GI tract go through the liver first via the
____________________________________________.
–From here it goes to the ________________________to the
_____________________________________.
▸The absorbed food must go through the _____________________for Final
Processing.
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