Download How does natural selection depend on the ability of organisms to

How does natural selection depend on the ability of organisms to reproduce?
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Natural selection does not depend on an organism to reproduce. NS chooses the best adapted
organisms in the environment to live and then those that live can then reproduce.
Examples: Polar Bears with longer hair and insulation have survived in the Arctic. If the
environment warms up (Global Warming!!!) then the bears will be impacted.
How did similar creatures end up halfway around the world? Example: The Emu’s, Ostrich’s, and the
other Bird Species.
-Pangaea (This was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.
It assembled from earlier continental units approximately 300 million years ago.
-Ancestors could fly
-We do not know but we can make inferences (educated guesses best upon evidence)
Why do tortoises look really different?
-Different environments cause them to look different (Camouflage).
-They adapt to the needs imposed by the environments. The beaks might change in order to eat certain
types of food.
Lyell said earthquakes and plate tectonics are what shaped the world back then and still shape the world
today.
-We see these things occurring so then they probably happened before.
-Example would be new islands forming near Hawaii and earthquakes in Chili.
The western portion of this portion of Africa is splitting
off currently. southward across eastern Africa, and is
in the process of splitting the African Plate into two
new separate plates.
The Theory of Evolution is essentially proven but they are not an ABSOLUTE.
Darwin did not choose to base his theory off Lyell and Hutton. He used their theory to help explain his
observations.
-The evidence that earthquakes caused land to shift and move in different directions (up, down,
sideways) and make new land forms like mountains. Darwin saw and earthquake where the land was
uplift about 9ft from the sea. Land that had marine life was now above water. This helped to explain
why there was fossil evidence of sea life mountain chains all around the world including the Alps in
Europe.
Natural Selection is the idea that those who are best suited for their environment will survive and go on
to reproduce.
How many generations do you need to have a species to evolve?
-Gypsy Moth (Peppered Moth)
Four Piece of Evidence for Evolution
How did animals change over time?
-Animals themselves do NOT change. The species changes by allowing those that have the best
adaptations to survive and then reproduce.
What is the difference between artificial and natural selection?
-AS  humans pick the best trait and breed for it
-NS  nature allows those with the best variations to survive
What are the three patterns of biological diversity?
-Species vary globally: There are different types of elephants, there is the African variety with really
large, floppy ears and then there is the Asian variety which has small, less floppy ears.
Asian Elephant
African Elephant
-Species vary locally: There might be an organism like a lightning bug. There could literally be one
specific species on one side of a city and on the opposite side of town it is a different species because it
has a different “flicker” pattern.
-Species vary over time: Different species might not be different from a year from now but in 500,000
years they most likely will be different.
What is the role of all 4 premises?
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The 4 premises are that: there is a struggle for existence, variations in the population exist,
some variations are better and will allow an organism to survive, those that survive can
reproduce and pass on those better traits
How do you know that some traits can get passed down?
-Because you can see those traits that you have in your parents and relatives
What does “different variations of traits mean”
-if I have a group of people, unless they are related, they will have different: skin colors, eye colors,
weights, heights, hair textures,