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Key Vocabulary Terms __________ Natural Selection A. The branch of biology that studies the formation and early development of living organisms. __________ Evolution B. Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called natural selection. __________ Adaptation C. Dealing with the geographical distribution of animals and plants __________ Species D. The process of gradual change in a species over time. __________ Fitness E. A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce. __________ Extinction F. The history of life found in fossils buried in the layers of the Earth. __________ Fossil G. The process where organisms that are most fit for their environment survive and reproduce. __________ Population H. Darwin’s study of flora and fauna on these islands influenced his theory of evolution by natural selection. __________ Variation I. A group of similar organisms that can mate to produce fertile offspring. __________ Fossil Record J. The trace or remains of an organism from long ago that have been preserved. __________ Mutation K. The ability to survive and reproduce. __________ Biogeography L. A group of the same species in the same place at the same time. __________ Embryology M. Proposed that all life shares common ancestry. __________ Morphology N. A change or alteration in form or qualities. __________ Survival of the Fittest O. The difference in traits that exist within a population. __________ Galapagos P. The branch of biology that deals with the structure of animals and plants. __________ Charles Darwin Q. When an entire species dies out.