Download AS Self Study Unit - Uses of Alkenes

The CAALM approach to
USES OF
ALKENES
A Self Study guide
NAME:___________________________________
THE A-LEVEL GRADE YOU WANT TO ACHIEVE: _________________
(A motivating factor!)
__________________________________________
WRITTEN TASK GRADE:
SELF ASSESSED:___________
PEER ASSESSED:______________
YOU COULD IMPROVE BY (PEER ASSESSED):
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
I CAN IMPROVE BY (SELF ASSESSED):
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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Introduction
This self-study guide will lead you through the process of learning about the uses of
alkenes. Complete every task to a high standard. You will be peer assessed and given
feedback on the report you write. This is an Independent Learning guide and has been
designed with a CAALM outlook.
CAALM stands for the five areas that together will improve your Independent
Learning ability. You will cover all the five areas as part of this study guide which will
improve your self-study of catalysis and help you learn the subject more effectively.
The five areas are:
Cognition, Affective Skills, Access to Resources,
Learnt Skills & Tools, Meta-Cognition
In this booklet you will specifically be developing the following parts for each area.
Cognition – Processing skills in order to learn about Alkenes
Affective Skills – Developing your Motivation
Access to Resources – Looking at texts that impart information
Learnt Skills & Tools – Reading for Understanding
Meta-Cognition – Reflecting on your ability to read, understand and use texts
Start the self-study guide at the beginning and complete all the tasks in the order
they are given. Keep all your work together and be prepared to hand in all work.
Objectives
The objectives of this Self-study guide are:
 To improve your knowledge of Alkenes according to the exam board
specification
 To improve your Reading for Understanding..

To improve your Independent Learning ability using a
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CAALM outlook.
3.2.9 Alkenes – AQA Exam Board Alkenes Specification
Specification statement – Candidates should….
I think I
know
this…
I can use this
information
when
answering
questions….
know that alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons
know that bonding in alkenes involves a double covalent
bond
know that the arrangement >C=C< is planar
know that the alkenes can exhibit E-Z stereoisomerism
be able to draw the structures of E and Z isomers
understand that E-Z isomers exist due to restricted rotation
about the C=C bond
understand that the double bond in an alkene is a centre of
high electron density
understand the mechanism of electrophilic addition of
alkenes with HBr, H2SO4 and Br2
know that bromine can be used to test for unsaturation
be able to predict the products of addition to unsymmetrical
alkenes by reference to the relative stabilities of primary,
secondary and tertiary carbocation intermediates
understand that alcohols are produced industrially by
hydration of alkenes in the presence of an acid catalyst.
know the typical conditions for the industrial production of
ethanol from ethene
know how addition polymers are formed from alkenes
recognise that poly(alkenes) like alkanes are unreactive
be able to recognise the repeating unit in a poly(alkene)
know some typical uses of poly(ethene) and poly(propene)
and know that poly(propene) is recycled
3.2.10 Alcohols – AQA Exam Board Alcohols Specification
(only relevant part shown)
Specification statement – Candidates should….
know how ethanol is produced industrially by fermentation
know the conditions for this reaction and understand the
economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages
of this process compared with the industrial production from
ethene
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I think I
know
this…
I can use this
information
when
answering
questions….
Alkenes – Reading for Understanding
Resource:
AS AQA Chemistry text book
 p206 to 208
 P205
 p214 to 215
 p152 to 153
Task 1: Read the above pages from the text book. Do not make notes.
Task 2: Read the above pages from the text book again making a list of all the words
or ideas that you do not fully understand (be honest with yourself).
Task 3: Look up the items on your list from Task 3 and make notes so that you
understand them. For definition of words then look them up in the glossary. For work
then look them up in other parts of the text book, your notes or on web pages (e.g.
web pages outlined in the Chemistry Handbook p16).
Task 4: Do not do this task before doing Tasks 1, 2 & 3.
Just using your notes from Task 4 answer the following questions on paper.
1. How are alcohols produced industrially?
2. Write an equation for the fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol. What
conditions are needed?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the two ways of producing
ethanol?
4. Write an equation showing the polymerisation of ethene to poly(ethene).
5. What is the repeating unit of poly(propene)?
6. What homologous group does poly(ethene) belong to?
7. How can we dispose of polymers made by addition polymerisation?
8. What can poly(ethene) and poly(propene) be used for?
If you cannot complete this task with just your notes then repeat Task 1, 2 & 3.
Task 5: Re-read the above pages of the text book with a renewed understanding.
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Alkenes - Written Task
Task 6: Write a report on ‘The uses of Alkenes’. The following is how you should structure the report.
Scenario:
You are a government advisor and have been asked to write a report to the Science Minister and the
House of Parliament Science Sub Committee about alkenes and what they are used for. This also needs
to lead onto what the products are useful for and about any environmental issues there may be.
Task:
To prepare a report on the uses of alkenes in the production of polymers and alcohols. Your report
must include information that illustrates the following objectives you are trying to get across to the
Sub Committee.
Objectives:
1) To understand that alcohols are produced industrially by hydration of alkenes in presence of an
acid catalyst.
2) To know the typical conditions for the industrial production of ethanol from ethene.
3) To know how ethanol is produced industrially by fermentation.
4) To know the conditions for this reaction and understand the economic and environmental
advantages and disadvantages of this process compared with the industrial production from
ethene
5) To know how addition polymers are formed from alkenes.
6) To recognise that poly(alkenes) like alkanes are unreactive.
7) To be able to recognise the repeating unit in a poly(alkene).
8) To know some typical uses of poly(ethene) and poly(propene) and know that poly(propene) is
recycled.
Hint:
Polymers:
a) Explain addition polymerisation using diagrams / equations.
b) Show repeating units of some addition polymers.
c) Explain properties of addition polymers.
d) Describe uses of some addition polymers.
e) Talk about the recycling of polymers.
Alcohols:
a) Explain how alcohols are produced and conditions needed for industrial production of ethanol
from ethene and fermentation.
b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each process.
c) Include: Formula, name, what alcohol / ethanol is used for, how maximum yield is produced,
what problems there are.
Resources:
For information use the text book, web pages found on p16 of the Chemistry Handbook, any other
useful web pages and reference books. Reference all sources.
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Self / Peer Assessment
Task 7a: Self Assessment
Now you must assess your work. Go through the following points on the mark grid and tick
them off (in the self assessment column) if you have done them. Also record if you have done
them to a high standard. Then give yourself a grade according to the statements underneath
the mark grid.
Mark Grid
Polymers
Self Assessment
Present in the
report
Gives accurate equation describing addition
polymerisation
Gives correct conditions for polymerisation
Shows repeating unit of suitable polymer
Illustrates properties of addition polymers
Describes some uses of addition polymers
particularly polyethene and polypropene
Describes the recycling of addition polymers
particularly polypropene
Highlights environmental issues
Alcohols
Explains production by fermentation
 Equation
 Conditions
 Other information
Explains industrial production
 Equation
 Appropriate catalyst
 Conditions
 Explained process
 Explains maximum yield
 Describes possible problems with
process
Compares the two ways of producing ethanol
Shows formula of appropriate alcohols
Gives names of appropriate alcohols
Describes uses of alcohols
Highlights environmental issues
Presentation
Appropriate title
Introduction to report
Targeted at the correct audience
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Peer Assessment
Present in report
GRADE ACIEVED
Grading criteria
Grade A: All parts are present in the report and have been completed to a high standard.
The chemistry is correct and is described in a clear and logical way. All equations are correct
and explanations are well thought out and understandable. Presentation is excellent and
points have been illustrated using good, clear diagrams. It is easy to follow and adds to the
readers knowledge and understanding. They have self-assessed the work.
Grade B: All parts are present in the report and have been completed to a good standard.
The chemistry is correct and is described in a logical way. All equations are correct and
explanations are understandable. Presentation is good and points have been illustrated using
clear diagrams. It is easy to follow and adds to the readers knowledge and understanding.
They have self-assessed the work.
Grade C: Most parts are present in the report and those parts that have been completed are
done to a satisfactory standard. The chemistry is correct. All equations are correct and any
explanations given are understandable. Presentation is satisfactory and some points have
been illustrated using diagrams. It can be followed and adds to the readers knowledge. They
have self-assessed the work.
Grade D: An attempt has been made to carry out the task and the parts that have been
attempted are chemical correct. There are very few if any diagrams. Presentation is not good
but the report can be followed although with a little difficulty. A lot more effort should have
been put in. They have sort of self-assessed the work.
Grade F: No serious attempt has been made to complete the task described. There is some
chemistry presented on paper but it looks like it has been done the night before. They have
not self-assessed the work.
Task 7b: Peer Assessment
Assess this piece of work that has been given to you to mark. Go through the points on the
mark grid and tick them off in the peer assessment column if they have been done. Also
record if they have been done to a high standard. Then give a grade according to the
statements underneath the mark grid.
Peer Assessed by:__________________________________________
Write down here what they could have done to improve:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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Reflecting on Learning
Task 8: In this self-study guide you have been asked to do a number of tasks. By
answering the following questions you are reflecting on the learning that has taken
place and consequently will improve your Independent Learning ability and your
understanding of alkenes.
1. Did you use all the available resources allowed when completing the tasks set?
What resources did you use? (reference them)
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2. After completing the Reading for Understanding section did you have a better
understanding of alkenes and their uses than when you just read through the text
book once? Would you add any other steps in this section to improve your Reading for
Understanding? If so what?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. List the steps you took when writing your report. E.g. read texts, made notes,
researched on web pages, read notes, thought up sub headings for sections, wrote
introduction, etc…… Would you change the way you did it next time? If so how and
why?
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