Download Exercise 1 (7 points) An Ionic compound: Table Salt Sodium

Exercise 1 (7 points)
An Ionic compound: Table Salt
Sodium chloride (NaCl), the main constituent of table salt, is vital (indispensable) for our diet. However, its intake
should be balanced. A high-salt diet has been linked with high blood pressure for people suffering high pressure, a
daily intake of less than 1g of NaCl is recommended.
Group
I
II
Colu
1
2
3
4
mn
1
1H
2
3
11Na
4
Section of the periodic table
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
III
13
IV
14
6C
V
15
VI
16
VII
17
VIII
18
9F
17Cl
1. Determine, referring to the given section of the periodic table, the atomic number of the element chlorine (CI).
2. Write the Lewis electron-dot symbol for the two atoms Na and Cl.
3. Explain the formation of the ionic bond in sodium chloride.
4. The Synthesis reaction of sodium chloride from sodium metal and chlorine gas is represented by the following
equation: 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)
a. Show, using oxidation numbers of the elements, that the mentioned reaction is oxidation-reduction.
b. Identify the oxidizing agent in the above reaction.
5. The physician advises a patient to limit the intake of table salt through the diet. Based on the passage, give the
name of the health problem from which the patient is suffering.
Exercise 2 (6.5 points)
Alkenes: Raw Materials
The cracking of petroleum gives many products among them are Alkenes. These alkenes are used as raw materials
for manufacturing plastics and many industrial products (as fuel additives, alcohols…). The circle graph shows the
percentages of the uses of plastics in different fields of application.
1- Calculate the percentage use (X) of plastics for packaging.
2- The cracking of an alkane of formula (C7H16) gives (C5H12) and a hydrocarbon (A).
- Find the molecular of the hydrocarbon (A) and give its name.
3- Ethene polymerizes to give polythene (polyethylene). Polyethene is often used to manufacture packaging
materials (bags, bottles…).
-
Indicate among the properties given below, those of polyethene that are convenient for the purpose of this
usage. Flexible, very hard, non-reactive, easily broken, permeable to water, electric insulator.
4- Ethene undergoes addition reaction with chlorine gas to give a compound (B).
- Write the equation of the reaction using the structural formulas and give the name of the compound (B).
5- Based on the above passage, give two uses of ethene.
Exercise 3 (6.5 points)
Fossil Fuel and Air Pollution
The figure given shows some pollutants released by
burning fossil fuels. Some of these pollutants come
from impurities in fuel or from lead compounds that are
added to certain fuels. The fuel used in car engine
contains hydrocarbons among which is a hydrocarbons
(A) of formula C8H18.
.1-
Show that the hydrocarbon (A) is an alkane.
2- Write the names and formulas of two products, which
are not shown in the figure that form during the complete
combustion of hydrocarbon (A).
3- Give the names of two gases emitted from car exhaust,
one leading to the formation of acid rain and the other
contributing to the greenhouse effect.
4- Explain, why using fuel having low sulfur content
contribute to reduce the formation of acid rain.
5- Suggest one way that can be used to reduce emission
exhaust and another way to reduce pollution from the chimneys of factories.
of pollutant gases from car