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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Psychiatry Fifth Annual Research Forum – Extravaganza 2014 POSTER TITLE Toward the Identification of Peripheral Epigenetic Biomarkersof Schizophrenia DISEASE/KEY WORDS: AUTHORS: MENTEE CATEGORY: BACKGROUND: Auta J, Zhubi A, Davis JM, Dong E, Gavin DP, Grayson DR, Sharma RP, Smith RC, Tueting P, Gudotti A RESEARCH MENTOR: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a heritable, non-Mendelian, neurodevelopmental disorder in which epigenetic dysregulation of the brain genome plays a fundamental role in mediating the clinical manifestations and course of the disease. We have reported that two enzymes that belong to the dynamic DNA-methylation/demethylation networkDNMT (DNA-methyltransferase) and TET (5-hydroxycytosine translocator)-are abnormally increased in cortico-limbic structures of the SZ post-mortem brain. This suggests a causal relationship between the clinical manifestations of SZ and changes in DNA methylation and in the expression of SZ candidate genes (e.g., brain derived neutrophic factor [BDNF], glucocorticoid receptor [GCR], glutamic acid decarboxylase67 [GAD7] and reelin). Because the clinical manifestations of SZ typically begin with a prodrome followed by a first episode in adolescence with subsequent deterioration, it is obvious that the natural history of this disease cannot be studied in post-mortem brain. METHODS: RESULTS: The focus is currently shifting towards the feasibility of studying epigenetic molecular signatures of SZ in blood cells. Initial studies show a significant enrichment of epigenetic changes in lymphocytes in gene networks directly relevant to psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, the expression of DNA-methylating/demethylating enzymes and SZ candidate genes such as BDNF and GCR are altered in the same direction in both brain and blood lymphocytes. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Department of Psychiatry CONCLUSIONS: The coincidence of these changes in lymphocytes and brain supports the hypothesis that common environmental or genetic risk factors are operative in altering the epigenetic components involved in orchestrating transcription of specific genes in brain and peripheral tissues. The identification of DNA-methylation signatures for SZ in peripheral blood cells of subjects with genetic and clinical high risk would clearly have potential for diagnosis of SZ early in its course and would be invaluable for initiating early intervention and individualized treatment plans.