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Protein Synthesis
What is protein?
 Made in the ribosome
 Made by protein synthesis
 Made of amino acids (there are 20)
How does it work??
 You need RNA! (because DNA is too big to leave the nucleus)
o Ribonucleic Acid
 How’s that different from DNA?
o Both are nucleic acids
o RNA only has one strand
o Has a different sugar (ribose vs deoxyribose)
o Has Adenine, Guanine and Cytosine
o Thymine is replaced with Uracil
Two types of RNA
o mRNA- messenger RNA- copies the message from DNA and carries it to the
ribosome
o tRNA- transfer RNA- carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the
protein
Steps to Protein Synthesis:
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6.
Transcription (RNA Copies DNA)
mRNA Enters Cytoplasm
Ribosomes Attach to mRNA
tRNA Attaches to mRNA (Translation)
Amino Acids Join in the Ribosome
Protein Chain Forms