Download TOP TEN THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT EVOLUTION

TOP TEN THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT EVOLUTION!!!!!
10. Charles Darwin:

Natural Selection-the individuals that have the most favorable
traits to their specific environments will survive and reproduce.
9. Lamarckian Theory was that animals acquired traits throughout their lifetime and pass
these traits to their offspring. This was FALSE.
8. Gradualism VS Punctuated Equilibrium
 Gradualism is the principle that evolution occurs gradually
over long periods of time.
 Punctuated Equilibrium is the principle that evolution occurs
rapidly in short bursts due to sudden environmental changes.
7. Homologous VS Analogous Structures
-Homologous structures evolve from a common ancestor.
Example: a bat’s wing, a human hand, and a whale’s fin
-Analogous Structures evolve through convergent evolution.
Organisms from separate evolutionary branches come to have
similar structures based on a shared purpose.
Example: a shark’s dorsal fin and a dolphin’s dorsal fin.
6. Mutation: How variation occurs.
5. A species is difficult to define, but the standard definition is a group of organisms that
reproduces to produce viable and fertile offspring.
4. Paleontology, biogeography, embryology, and comparative anatomy are all areas that
support the theory of evolution.
3.
Disruptive selection= selection which favors both extremes
Stabilizing selection= selection which favors the intermediate.
Directional selection= selection which favors one extreme.
2. Hardy-Weinberg Equations:
Frequency of alleles:
p+q=1
Frequency of genotypes: p^2+q^+2pq=1
1. Individuals CANNOT evolve. The smallest unit that can evolve is a population.