From the "Modern Synthesis" to cybernetics: Ivan Ivanovich
... was built on the basis of Kiev University. One year later Schmalhausen was elected into the All-Ukrainian Academy of Science, which was organized in 1918 by Vladimir I. Vernadsky (1863–1945), the founder of biogeochemistry (Sytnik et al., ’88). In 1924 Schmalhausen became head of the Microbiology In ...
... was built on the basis of Kiev University. One year later Schmalhausen was elected into the All-Ukrainian Academy of Science, which was organized in 1918 by Vladimir I. Vernadsky (1863–1945), the founder of biogeochemistry (Sytnik et al., ’88). In 1924 Schmalhausen became head of the Microbiology In ...
convergence, recurrence and diversification of
... had taken on their mature head shape but had not yet individualized), providing a minimum length for the species. A species was considered to be sperm heteromorphic when two distinct (i.e., nonoverlapping) sperm lengths or head shapes were produced by a single male (see Fig. 1A, E, F). One to nine i ...
... had taken on their mature head shape but had not yet individualized), providing a minimum length for the species. A species was considered to be sperm heteromorphic when two distinct (i.e., nonoverlapping) sperm lengths or head shapes were produced by a single male (see Fig. 1A, E, F). One to nine i ...
The Peppered moth: decline of a Darwinian disciple
... …. ‘I opened Majerus’s book anticipating a bashing for Kettlewell. ….From twenty years of reading anti-pollution literature, as well as advocacy of non-mainstream science views, I think I can pretty often see the attack coming in the form of qualifying with “supposed evidence”, etc. and confrontatio ...
... …. ‘I opened Majerus’s book anticipating a bashing for Kettlewell. ….From twenty years of reading anti-pollution literature, as well as advocacy of non-mainstream science views, I think I can pretty often see the attack coming in the form of qualifying with “supposed evidence”, etc. and confrontatio ...
Mrs. Whitecar CMS 7 th grade Ch 12 TEST: Adaptations over time
... an antiobiotic made from fungus that is an example of punctuated equilibrium. study of the development of the embryos of organisms evolution as a slow change of one species to another Origin of the Species body parts that are reduced in size with no apparent function survival of the fittest evolutio ...
... an antiobiotic made from fungus that is an example of punctuated equilibrium. study of the development of the embryos of organisms evolution as a slow change of one species to another Origin of the Species body parts that are reduced in size with no apparent function survival of the fittest evolutio ...
Richardson and Chipman 2003
... follow this point of view, and maintain that there is no clear line separating constraints from natural selection, and that the distinction between them is problematic. Gould and Lewontin (’79) argued that developmental constraints may play an important part in determining the form of an organismFmo ...
... follow this point of view, and maintain that there is no clear line separating constraints from natural selection, and that the distinction between them is problematic. Gould and Lewontin (’79) argued that developmental constraints may play an important part in determining the form of an organismFmo ...
Contents
... Manfred Wimmer Layout: Alexander Riegler Aim and Scope: “Evolution and Cognition” is an interdisciplinary forum devoted to all aspects of research on cognition in animals and humans. The major emphasis of the journal is on evolutionary approaches to cognition, reflecting the fact that the cognitive ...
... Manfred Wimmer Layout: Alexander Riegler Aim and Scope: “Evolution and Cognition” is an interdisciplinary forum devoted to all aspects of research on cognition in animals and humans. The major emphasis of the journal is on evolutionary approaches to cognition, reflecting the fact that the cognitive ...
Evolution - Free
... populations, through fossil transitions in palaeontology, and even complex cellular mechanisms in developmental biology.[41][60] The publication of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 demonstrated a physical basis for inheritance.[61] Molecular biology improved our underst ...
... populations, through fossil transitions in palaeontology, and even complex cellular mechanisms in developmental biology.[41][60] The publication of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 demonstrated a physical basis for inheritance.[61] Molecular biology improved our underst ...
TURING MACHINES AND EVOLUTION. A CRITIQUE OF GREGORY
... approximation to the actual process of biological evolution, Chaitin points to the second one. Scenarios a) and c) are rejected, but for different reasons. The first one does not convey evolutionary processes well enough, since creating a descendant with a higher fitness would last too long and would n ...
... approximation to the actual process of biological evolution, Chaitin points to the second one. Scenarios a) and c) are rejected, but for different reasons. The first one does not convey evolutionary processes well enough, since creating a descendant with a higher fitness would last too long and would n ...
Descended from Darwin
... been a rebirth of Darwinism.” However, the Darwinism of Julian Huxley’s day was not that of his grandfather’s: “The Darwinism thus reborn is a modified Darwinism, since it must operate with facts unknown to Darwin; but it is still Darwinism in the sense that it aims at giving a naturalistic interpre ...
... been a rebirth of Darwinism.” However, the Darwinism of Julian Huxley’s day was not that of his grandfather’s: “The Darwinism thus reborn is a modified Darwinism, since it must operate with facts unknown to Darwin; but it is still Darwinism in the sense that it aims at giving a naturalistic interpre ...
Margulis L - Jason G. Goldman
... 2011 at her home in Amherst, Massachusetts, at age 73, was no stranger to controversy. Margulis was born in 1938 in Chicago, Illinois. At the young age of 14, she enrolled in the University of Chicago, and graduated in 1957. She earned a master’s in genetics and zoology at the University of Wisconsi ...
... 2011 at her home in Amherst, Massachusetts, at age 73, was no stranger to controversy. Margulis was born in 1938 in Chicago, Illinois. At the young age of 14, she enrolled in the University of Chicago, and graduated in 1957. She earned a master’s in genetics and zoology at the University of Wisconsi ...
Evolutionary Dynamics of Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume–Rhizobia
... process based on recognition signals, while in host sanction, plants punish more parasitic cheaters by reducing nutrient supply based on their symbiotic performance [3,4,10]. Thus, in this paper, we consider partner choice and host sanction as pre-infection and ...
... process based on recognition signals, while in host sanction, plants punish more parasitic cheaters by reducing nutrient supply based on their symbiotic performance [3,4,10]. Thus, in this paper, we consider partner choice and host sanction as pre-infection and ...
Phenotypic plasticity in evolutionary rescue experiments
... genetic evolution on demography and extinction in a changing environment [14,15], but they do not specifically address adaptation to a sudden environmental change. The quantitative predictions of this model rely on a number of assumptions, notably (i) linear reaction norms, (ii) substantial polymorp ...
... genetic evolution on demography and extinction in a changing environment [14,15], but they do not specifically address adaptation to a sudden environmental change. The quantitative predictions of this model rely on a number of assumptions, notably (i) linear reaction norms, (ii) substantial polymorp ...
UN1001 Discussion Questions
... 2. According to Futuyma, what are the relationships among the concepts of truth, fact, hypothesis, and evidence? Can there be unknown facts, according to Futuyma? Do you agree with Futuyma’s discussion of these concepts? Why or why not? 3. What does Futuyma say about the creationists’ claim that “ev ...
... 2. According to Futuyma, what are the relationships among the concepts of truth, fact, hypothesis, and evidence? Can there be unknown facts, according to Futuyma? Do you agree with Futuyma’s discussion of these concepts? Why or why not? 3. What does Futuyma say about the creationists’ claim that “ev ...
Neutral Evolution and Aesthetics
... done through misinterpretation or by making use of a chance analogy. In this view, when activity involves both directionality and originality it is intentional, which, in this analysis of Nabokov's work, is used synonymously with artistic and telic. The mechanisms behind insect mimicry resonated dee ...
... done through misinterpretation or by making use of a chance analogy. In this view, when activity involves both directionality and originality it is intentional, which, in this analysis of Nabokov's work, is used synonymously with artistic and telic. The mechanisms behind insect mimicry resonated dee ...
May 2013
... republished without comment. Sidor published his ideas in PNAS, where he introduced the concept of “evolutionary incumbency” as a kind of “biotic control” on evolution. “The recognition of heterogeneous tetrapod communities in the Triassic implies that the end-Permian mass extinction afforded ecolog ...
... republished without comment. Sidor published his ideas in PNAS, where he introduced the concept of “evolutionary incumbency” as a kind of “biotic control” on evolution. “The recognition of heterogeneous tetrapod communities in the Triassic implies that the end-Permian mass extinction afforded ecolog ...
The Paleobiological Revolution
... the subject and have attempted to formulate the ‘causes,’ ‘laws’ and ‘principles’ that have led to the development of their series. . . . The geneticist says to the paleontologist, since you do not know, and from the nature of your case you can never know, whether your differences are due to one cha ...
... the subject and have attempted to formulate the ‘causes,’ ‘laws’ and ‘principles’ that have led to the development of their series. . . . The geneticist says to the paleontologist, since you do not know, and from the nature of your case you can never know, whether your differences are due to one cha ...
use of an explicit method for distinguishing exaptations from
... are not compatible with the emergence of a single monophyletic vertebrate group gaining ground, having a single kind of paired limbs based on its internal skeleton, and unique feet. Thus, the monophyly of either Sarcopterygii or Tetrapoda lends weak support for a single emergence of a weight support ...
... are not compatible with the emergence of a single monophyletic vertebrate group gaining ground, having a single kind of paired limbs based on its internal skeleton, and unique feet. Thus, the monophyly of either Sarcopterygii or Tetrapoda lends weak support for a single emergence of a weight support ...
Darwinism and Whitman`s Poetic Program
... intends to be "the song of a great composite democratic individual . .. [and] the thread-voice ... of an aggregated, inseparable, unprecedented, vast, composite, electric democratic nationality":(PW 1872, 463). In Leaves of Grass, then, Whitman aims to unify science (materialism) and religion (spiri ...
... intends to be "the song of a great composite democratic individual . .. [and] the thread-voice ... of an aggregated, inseparable, unprecedented, vast, composite, electric democratic nationality":(PW 1872, 463). In Leaves of Grass, then, Whitman aims to unify science (materialism) and religion (spiri ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... to multicellular life. While there exists a rich theoretical framework (see for example Okasha 2006), this framework says little about the underlying mechanistic and selective causes. What is needed is critical thinking – backed by plausible biological detail – surrounding the earliest events underp ...
... to multicellular life. While there exists a rich theoretical framework (see for example Okasha 2006), this framework says little about the underlying mechanistic and selective causes. What is needed is critical thinking – backed by plausible biological detail – surrounding the earliest events underp ...
Live Where You Thrive: Joint Evolution of Habitat Choice and Local
... regulation is global for traits involved in adaptation to the two winter habitats. The last model (model 3) combines local density regulation (as in model 1) with variable habitat outputs (as in model 2): (1) mixing and dispersal between two different habitats, (2) local density regulation within ha ...
... regulation is global for traits involved in adaptation to the two winter habitats. The last model (model 3) combines local density regulation (as in model 1) with variable habitat outputs (as in model 2): (1) mixing and dispersal between two different habitats, (2) local density regulation within ha ...
Stephen E - lundslaktare
... investigation toward a hunt for evidence in support of this hypothesis." (Campbell, Reece & Mitchell, 1999, p.14). Yet evolutionists have in fact operated with only a single hypothesis, namely naturalism, and so have ruled out in advance all forms of supernatural creation, intervention, guidance an ...
... investigation toward a hunt for evidence in support of this hypothesis." (Campbell, Reece & Mitchell, 1999, p.14). Yet evolutionists have in fact operated with only a single hypothesis, namely naturalism, and so have ruled out in advance all forms of supernatural creation, intervention, guidance an ...
Unifying Biology: The Evolutionary Synthesis and
... global events and global disturbances. The culmination of the modern period, these years witnessed the rise of not only international artistic and political movements, but also related philosophical movements such as logical positivism.6 Members of the Vienna Circle, the logical positivists were at ...
... global events and global disturbances. The culmination of the modern period, these years witnessed the rise of not only international artistic and political movements, but also related philosophical movements such as logical positivism.6 Members of the Vienna Circle, the logical positivists were at ...
Pre´cis of Evolution in Four Dimensions
... that there are Lamarckian processes in evolution. August Weismann’s version of Darwinism, disapprovingly dubbed “neo-Darwinism” by Romanes, is an important part of the history of evolutionary thinking, and its influence can still be seen in contemporary views of heredity and evolution. Unlike Darwin ...
... that there are Lamarckian processes in evolution. August Weismann’s version of Darwinism, disapprovingly dubbed “neo-Darwinism” by Romanes, is an important part of the history of evolutionary thinking, and its influence can still be seen in contemporary views of heredity and evolution. Unlike Darwin ...
The Growth of Structural and Functional Complexity
... noting the “fallacy” of believing that there is something like progress or advance towards increasing complexity, and then continue by describing in detail the instances of such increase they have studied. The aim of the present paper is to clarify the issue, by arguing that there are theoretical gr ...
... noting the “fallacy” of believing that there is something like progress or advance towards increasing complexity, and then continue by describing in detail the instances of such increase they have studied. The aim of the present paper is to clarify the issue, by arguing that there are theoretical gr ...
Evolutionary Connectionism: Algorithmic Principles Underlying the
... molecules, to chromosomes, to simple cells, to multi-organelle eukaryote cells, to multicellular organisms, to eusocial groups. These are not just changes in the characteristics of an existing evolutionary entity, but the result of changes to the reproductive relationships between evolutionary entit ...
... molecules, to chromosomes, to simple cells, to multi-organelle eukaryote cells, to multicellular organisms, to eusocial groups. These are not just changes in the characteristics of an existing evolutionary entity, but the result of changes to the reproductive relationships between evolutionary entit ...
Objections to evolution
Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, his theory of evolution, the idea that species arose through descent with modification from a single common ancestor in a process driven by natural selection, initially met opposition from scientists with different theories, but came to be overwhelmingly accepted by the scientific community. The observation of evolutionary processes occurring (as well as the modern evolutionary synthesis explaining that evidence) has been uncontroversial among mainstream biologists for nearly a century and remains so today.Since then, most criticisms and denials of evolution have come from religious sources, rather than from the scientific community. Although many religions have accepted the occurrence of evolution, such as those advocating theistic evolution, there are some religious beliefs which reject evolutionary explanations in favor of creationism, the belief that a deity supernaturally created the world largely in its current form. The resultant U.S.-centered creation–evolution controversy has been a focal point of recent conflict between religion and science.Modern creationism is characterized by movements such as creation science, neo-creationism, and intelligent design, which argue that the idea of life being directly designed by a god or intelligence is at least as scientific as evolutionary theory, and should therefore be taught in public education. Such arguments against evolution have become widespread and include objections to evolution's evidence, methodology, plausibility, morality, and scientific acceptance. The scientific community, however, does not recognize such objections as valid, citing detractors' misinterpretations of such things as the scientific method, evidence, and basic physical laws.