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Unit 6: Evolution Name: Date: Aim #42 Evidence of Evolution: What evidence do we have to support the theory of evolution? I. What is the Theory of Evolution? What is Evolution? Why is Evolution considered a theory? The process of ___________________ in species ___________________ This theory has been extensively __________________ and __________________ as the central theme of modern biology because so much ________________________ for evolution has been collected that it has been claimed as a theory. What does the theory of Evolution explain? The theory explains why there are ________________________ in structure, function, biochemistry, and behavior among all life forms and why __________________ occur within populations over many generations. How does the theory of Evolution help scientists? It helps make _______________________ about the natural world, understand the __________________ and _________________ among different organisms, and understand how changes in the ____________________ affects the survival of species. II. Evolutionary Timeline The age of Earth is about ______ billion years old PAST PRESENT TIME _____ billion years ago there were Now we have ______________ ___________ ____________ celled organisms _____________ celled organisms III. Evidence of Evolution: The theory of evolution helps biologists understand how the variations among individuals can lead to changes in an entire species of organism. Ever since the theory was first suggested by Charles Darwin, the concept of evolution has been refined by massive amounts of evidence offered by thousands of scientists. 1) THE FOSSIL RECORD A ________________ is a remain of an organism that no longer exists. The _____________________ is a collection of fossils that provides a detailed record of Earth’s organisms Why is this important? o Present day ___________ celled organisms developed from ___________ celled organisms Oldest layer ________ Youngest layer _____ Oldest fossil _______ Youngest fossil _____ Complex fossil _____ Simple fossil _______ 2) COMPARATIVE ANATOMY o Reveals ________________ in environments as well as species o Rock layers indicate the ___________ period and fossils at specific times Observations of basic structural or ____________________ similarities between organisms. _________________________ structures have a ___________ structure but a ______________ function. Why is this important? o These mammals have a common _________________ but have __________________ to survive in different environments Similarities between structures: ______________ Differences between structures: ______________ 3) COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY Observations that ________________ of closely related organisms go through ________________ stages of embryonic development. Why is this important? o It suggests common ______________. But, as the development continues, the characteristic traits of each species become more _____________ 4) COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY All living things are related and have many biochemical similarities such as _________, ________________, ________________, and _____________________. More reliable than _____________________ similarities Why is this important? o Reveals how _______________ related different species are which can indicate common ___________________ Evolution Practice Questions