Download Midterm Study Guide

Biomechanics Midterm
Study Guide
Definitions
 Statics
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Dynamics
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Kinetics
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Kinematics
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Kinesiology
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Sports Medicine
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Mechanics
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Biomechanics
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Inertia
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Mass
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Net force
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Center of gravity
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Concentric
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Eccentric
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Isometric
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Agonist
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Antagonist
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Stabilizer
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Neutralizer
Quantitative vs. Qualitative
 What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative?
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What are some examples of each?
Metric Conversions
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0.21 km = _________ m
3.64 cm = _________ mm
425,000 mL = ___________ L
2.7 m = __________ km
0.000895 m = ____________ cm
Word problems
o Ex: A dollar bill is 15.6 cm long. If 200 dollar bills were laid end to end, how many meters
long will be the line by?
Directional Terms
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Three planes of the body?
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Three axes?
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Relationship between the planes and axes?
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Directions
o Anterior/Posterior
o Superior/Inferior
o Medial/Lateral
o Deep/Superficial
o Proximal/Distal
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Movements
o Flexion
o Extension
o Abduction
o Adduction
o Ulnar deviation
o Radial deviation
o Supination
o Pronation
o Inversion
o Plantarflexsion
o Dorsiflexion
o Rotation
o Internal Rotation
o External Rotation
o Horizontal Abduction
o Horizontal Adduction
o Elevation
o Depression
o Lateral Bending
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Movement Analysis
o Examples:
 Walking
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Running
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Throwing
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Push Up
Mechanical Loading
 Load – Deformation Curve
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What are the types of mechanical loading? Draw them on the curve.
Vectors
 Vectors have a __________________________ and _______________________________.
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Word problems
o Scalar
o Biplanar
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Tip to tail method
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Sine, cosine, tangent method
Kinetic Concepts Problems
 Examples:
o A force of 20 N acts upon a 5 kg block. Calculate the acceleration of the object.
o Calculate the pressure produced by a force of 800 N acting on an area of 2.0 m2.
o A force of 20 N is applied perpendicular to the end of a bar of length 0.5 m. Calculate the
torque produced by the force.
Bone Basics
 What are the functions of human bones?
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What are the differences between cortical and trabecular bone?
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What are the four types of bones? Their function? Examples of each?
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Process of bone remodeling and Wolff’s Law.
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Be able to recognize each of the bone injuries we discussed in class (Greenstick, spiral,
compression, stress fractures; osteoporosis; female athlete triad)
Human Skeletal Articulations (Joints)
 What are the types of joints and what is the function of each?
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Discuss each type of connective tissue, including cartilage (articular and fibrocartilage)
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What factors affect joint flexibility?
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Describe each type of stretching we talked about in class (static, passive, active, dynamic, PNF).
Human Skeletal Muscle
 What are the properties human skeletal muscle?
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Identify the structures of human skeletal muscle.
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Label the components of a muscle fiber.
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What is a motor unit?
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What is the difference between fast and slow twitch muscle fibers?
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How does the training for power and endurance differ?
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Compare and contrast the characteristics of parallel and pennate muscles.