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Course: Syllabus Details responsibilities: mine and yours A plan, not a contract! Text is Campbell, 9th ed. Online materials: bradlamphere.com for assignments, links Moodle for discussion boards, grades Chapter 1 Introduction The Scientific Method A good hypothesis is testable and falsifiable Supernatural explanations are not testable, so they are outside the bounds of science Scientific Hypothesis vs. Prediction Predictions give the expected outcome of a specific test Based on hypothesis, but… Not an explanation Hypothesis provides an educated guess for an explanation for an observed event. More general than a prediction Chapter 22 The evolution of evolution Lecture 2 Objectives Describe how evolutionary fitness differs from the non- science term “fitness,” and explain why that distinction matters. Explain how previous scientific thought influenced Darwin’s thinking. Distinguish Lamarck’s hypothesis of evolution via acquired characters from Darwinian evolution. Design an experiment that would test whether a trait exhibited Lamarckian or Darwinian evolution. List the lines of evidence Darwin used to support his hypothesis of evolution through natural selection. Lecture 2 Outline History of an idea Darwin’s evidence for evolution Artificial selection Island- mainland Fossils Four postulates of evolution through natural selection Implications of the postulates “Darwin’s demon” Why study evolution? In common use, synonymous with “change” In science, more specific: Change in heritable traits over time Descent with modification Same process, different time scales “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution” – Dobzhansky Long before Darwin… Aristotle (ca. 350 BC) viewed species as fixed “Scala naturae” Linnaeus (ca. 1750) Founder of taxonomy Argued that species are perfect and unchanging over time The evolution of evolution Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) - Important contributions to natural history - Individuals evolve via acquired traits - Use or disuse of body parts would lead to changes in morphology that were heritable http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/lamarck.html The evolution of evolution In groups, design an experiment that would test Lamarck’s idea that acquired characteristics were heritable.