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Phy101: Electromagnetic Experiments - In & Out of Class Electricity and Magnetism are Interdependent Experiment Set #1 A magnetic field can be produced by sending current through a coil of wire (creating what is known as an electromagnet). Experiment #1: Wrap wire around nail loosely. Then pull out nail. Complete circuit as shown in picture below with JUST the wire coil. See how many paper clips your electromagnet can pick up. This effect, the magnetic field, is made stronger by placing a material which can be magnetized such as an iron nail in the center of the coil. Experiment #2: Replace the magnet and tighten your coil around it. Tape it if necessary. Then, once again complete the circuit as shown in the picture, wire and nail. See what difference the nail makes in ability to pick up paper clips. Q. What things could you do to increase the magnetic field even more? The reverse process also works, demonstrating the interdependence of electric and magnetic fields. Now we see that the motion of a magnet through a coil of wire produces current. A generator can be formed using this valuable quality. A generator is at the heart of all electric power plants with the partial exception of solar power. In electric power plants, current is produced by either a) rotating a coil in a magnet, or b) rotating a magnet in a coil. The rotation is produced when the power plant's turbine rotates. Experiment Set #2 Go to the following website: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/generator Select: Run now (which uses Java to open and run the program.) Look at the tabs labeled on top of PhET window (as listed on next page). Directions for Each Tab Listed Below That You Should Conduct Simulated Experiments With: In each case, list the variable you changed. Change it from a low to high value. Then record what happens with each change. Be sure to activate any measurement instruments available to you for ease of recording changes. Also, list what you see and conclusions you draw as a result of each variable’s range. 1. Bar magnet -- see magnetic field lines -- play with different variables on tool box on right -- record what happens with each change. What conclusions do you draw? 2. Pickup coil -- again see field lines and light bulb -- using your mouse, move the magnet in and out of the coil -- see what happens -- change a few variables on tool box -- record what happens with each change. What conclusions do you draw? 3. Electromagnet -- Look familiar??!! Predict what will happen when you change a few variables on tool box -- record what happens with each change. How does this compare with what you did yourself? 4. Generator -- Here a magnet’s motion is producing current in a wire loop. This is a “hydroelectric” plant. Predict what will happen when you change a few variables on tool box -- record what happens with each change. What conclusions do you draw?