Download Investigation 1 Study Guide - Hewlett

Weather on Earth
Investigation 1:
1. Compressed air is under
pressure. The compressed air
pushes back with a force equal
to the force compressing it.
2. Every substance and material
in the world is matter. Matter
is the stuff that everything is
made of. Matter has mass and
occupies space.
3. Mass is the measurement of
the amount of matter in an
object or a substance such as
rock, a glass of water, or a
volume of air. Mass is
measured in grams.
4. Air is matter and has mass. It is
a mixture of gases that make
up Earth’s atmosphere.
Nitrogen (78%) and oxygen
(21%) are the main permanent
gases in the air. It also contains
small amounts of variable
gases, such as water vapor,
carbon dioxide, ozone, and
methane.
5. Earth is surrounded by an
atmosphere. The layer of the
atmosphere closest to Earth’s
surface is the troposphere (920 km). Most of Earth’s air
(80%) is found in the
troposphere and Earth’s
weather happens in the
troposphere.
6. The ozone layer is found in the
stratosphere.
7. There isn’t much air in the
mesosphere, but there is
enough air to create the
friction needed to burn
meteors (shooting stars).
8. The thermosphere is very hot
and the last layer before space
is the exosphere.
9. Weather is the condition of
Earth’s atmosphere at a given
time in a given place. Weather
happens in the troposphere,
the layer of air closest to the
Earth where 80% of the air
exists.
10.Meteorologists use weather
instruments to measure
weather variables including
temperature, humidity, air
pressure, wind speed and
direction, and visibility.
Important Vocabulary Words for
Investigation 1 I-Check:
air
air pressure
anemometer
atmosphere
clouds
compress
degrees
stratosphere
temperature
thermometer
troposphere
weather
weather variable
wind direction
wind speed
wind vane
earth
exosphere
forecast
humidity
hygrometer
mass
mesosphere
meteorologist
meteorology
millibars
pressure
rain
Mnumonic Device:
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