Download SOCIAL INTERACTION

By
Prof. Fernando R. Pedrosa,Ph.D.
Prof.-n-charge
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The process by which people act and react in
relation to others.
Distinctive characteristics of social interaction
among people is that “HUMAN BEINGS
INTERPRET OR DEFINE EACH OTHER’S
ACTIONS.”
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The process of social interactions ranges from
the most superficial contacts to deep, lasting,
and complex relationships.
Examples of this are:
1. Cliché
2. Gut
3. Peak
1.
Definition of the situation – the process by
which people interpret and evaluate the social
context to select appropriate attitudes and
behavior.
- in this we actually construct our own social
reality.
2.
Presentation of the Self – this refers to the
social ploys we use but seldom admit.
- also refers to the “image of how we want to
be seen by others.”
3.
Negotiated Order - refers to the fact that
“people can reconstruct social reality through a
process of internal change as they take a
different view of everyday behavior.
The term negotiation refers to the attempt of
one to reach agreement with others concerning
some objectives.
Sometimes, it is referred to as bargaining,
compromising,
trading
off,
mediating,
exchanging, wheeling and dealing, and
collusion.
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1.
2.
3.
Cooperation – refers to collaborative efforts
between people to achieve a common goal.
Conflict – involves direct struggle between
individuals or groups over commonly valued
resources or goals.
Competition – a form of conflict in which
there is agreement on the means that can be
used to pursue an end.
4. Negotiation – in this, two or more competing
parties
reach
a
mutually
satisfactory
agreement.
5. Coercion – this appears to be one-sided, one
imposing an action or behavior on another.
- occurs through the use of physical force.
1.
Statuses – refer to positions in social structure;
also applies to any position that determines
where a person “fits” within the society.
a. Ascribed
b. Achieved
* master status – one that has exceptional
importance for social identity, often shaping a
person’s entire life.
2. Roles – refer to expected behavior, obligations,
and privileges.
- people learn how to play their roles by
observing and interacting with other people
who are more experienced than themselves.
This is known as SOCIALIZATION.
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Role strain – when people find it difficult to
perform the role expected of them.
Role conflict – occurs when the carrying out of
one role automatically results in the violation
of another.
Role exit – the process by which people
disengage from social roles that have been
central to their lives.
Three Basic Premises: (Acc. to George Mead)
1. People act toward everything they encounter
on the basis of what those people, activities,
and situations mean to them.
2. People learn what things mean by observing
how other people respond to them through
social interaction.
3. As a result of on-going interaction, sounds
(including words), gestures, facial expressions,
and body postures (body language) acquire
symbolic meaning shared by people who
belong to the same culture.
* This refers to the social roles individuals play
in this world, given their respective statuses in
society.
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The social world has an objective existence.
It has long existed long before we were born.
It affects us throughout our lives, and is likely
to continue long after we die.
Society is also affecting the behavior of many
creative individuals.
If the society affects individuals, then, then the
individuals also affect society.
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The social construction of reality refers to the
process by which individuals creatively shape
reality through social interaction.
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Taken from the Greek “ethno” which means
understanding of cultural surroundings that
people share, and “methodology” which
designates a system of methods or principles.
Refers to the study of the everyday commonsense understandings that people have of the
world around them. (Harold Garfinkel, 1950s)
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Goals and motivations
Norms or roles
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Non-verbal behavior
Unfocused and focused interaction
Group
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In society, there are at least five areas where the
basic needs of the people have to be met:
1. Family sector
2. Education sector
3. Economic sector
4. Religious sector
5. Political sector