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Name: __________________________________________ Date:_____________________ Period: _______ Greatest Discoveries with Bill Nye: Genetics #1- Laws of Inheritance 1. Mendel noticed that when he crossed a round pea and a wrinkled one, the offspring were ______________. 2. Mendel’s factors are called ______________. #2- Genes are Located on Chromosomes 3. Dropsphila melanogaster is known as the common _____________ _____________. 4. Human females have 2 _____ chromosomes, while human males have 1 _____ and 1 _____ chromosome. 5. Morgan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in the year _________. #3- Genes Control Biochemical Events 6. Mold is easy to grow and has simple nutritional need: _____________, _____________, & ____________. 7. Beadle and Tatum’s breakthrough is known as: “The One _____________, One ____________ Hypothesis”. #4- Transpososns 8. Which woman became one of the most distinguished scientists of the 20th century? 9. A break in the chromosome occurred when a _______ randomly ____________ from one chromosome to another. 10. Which basketball hero has a transposon named for him? 11. When did Barbara McClintock finally win a Nobel Prize for Medicine? #5- DNA Carries Genetic Material 12. Bacteriophage consists of a protein shell and _________________. 13. Hershey was awarded the Nobel Prize in ___________________. #6- The Double Helix 14. DNA was composed of 4 bases represented by the letters: _______, _______, _______, & _______ 15. Watson & Crick used the X-Ray of a DNA molecule taken by _________________ __________________. 16. What did Rosalyn Franklin die of? #7- Messenger RNA 17. Scientists found that cells with lots of protein production contained lots of _________________. #8- The Genetic Code 18. How many amino acids are involved in the production of proteins? 19. Every living thing has the same _________________. #9- Restriction Enzymes 20. The breakthroughs that led to these greatest discoveries would not have happened if not for ______________________________. 21. With restriction enzymes, scientists had a pair of molecular ______________ to ________ DNA molecules. #10- RNA Alternative Splicing 22. Some genes are able to code for more than 1 __________. #11- Minisatellite DNA 23. Alec Jeffries called these repeated sequences _________________ DNA. #12- RNA Interference 24. In 1997, Fire and Mellow were injecting RNA into the cells of a _______________. #13- 25,000 Genes 25. The human DNA genome is made up of _____________ genes.