Download Asexual Reproduction - Manhasset Public Schools

ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
And the different organisms that perform it
Asexual Reproduction
■ Reproduction that occurs with only one
parent and produces offspring identical to
the parent
■ The offspring are identical because they are
receiving their DNA from only one parent.
■ Mitosis is an example of asexual
reproduction
Benefits of Asexual
Reproduction
■ Only one organism is needed for reproduction to occur
■ This type of reproduction can be performed very quickly
allowing organisms to adapt to the environment more quickly
Downfalls to Asexual
Reproduction
■ Mutations that occur in the parent are always passed on to
the offspring since they are identical.
■ Entire colonies might be wiped out by a bacteria or virus that
none have immunity to.
Is this possible?
Bob Bacteria
Betty Bacteria
Baby Betty-Bob Bacteria
Types of Asexual Reproduction
ANIMALS
■ Budding
PLANTS
■ Vegetative Propagation
■ Fragmentation
■ Regeneration
BACTERIA
Binary Fission
FUNGI
◦ Budding
Budding
■ The new organism grows off the parent organism
■ Sometimes the offspring will detach to become independent
and sometimes they stay attached forming colonies
■ EX: Corals, jellyfish, echinoderms, yeast
Dividing Starfish
■ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaN6uRvfPLY
Fragmentation &
Regeneration
■ When pieces of the parent are broken off and can become a
new organism
■ Ex: earthworms, planarians, echinoderms
Regeneration in Axolotls
■ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOlZ60BZmZA
Vegetative Propagation
■ When a part of a plant can be cut off and planted and grow
into a new individual
■ This can occur in the leaves, roots, and stems of different
types of plants
■ Ex: African Violet
Binary Fission
■ Bacteria and monerans can reproduce through by simply
dividing in half because they are single celled organisms.
■ They simply replicate their DNA, and split DNA, organelles and
cytoplasm into two new cells just like mitosis
Sexual Reproduction
■ Produces similar but NOT IDENTICAL offspring
■ Requires two parents that each contribute half of the genetic
materials
■ Parents must undergo meiosis to produce gametes (sex cells)
which combine to form the offspring
Chromosome numbers
■ A cell with two sets of chromosomes is called
diploid (2n)
– Most body cells are diploid
– Result of mitosis or asexual reproduction
– Ex: Skin cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, etc
■ A cell with one set of chromosomes is called
haploid (n)
Does this image show mitosis
or meiosis?
Review:
■ In your own words, summarize asexual reproduction.
■ In your own words, summarize sexual reproduction.
■ Create a venn diagram comparing asexual and sexual
reproduction.