Download Midterm Review Sheet

History 10a
Midterm Examination Review Sheet
Monday October 31, 2005
Review Sheet
Part I: IDs (45 Points): You will be asked to identify 9 of the terms listed below. No term not
on this list will be included. In general a good response will place the term as accurately as
possible in its temporal and geographical context as well as address its significance.
Note: Answer these BRIEFLY, in two or three sentences. Do NOT write mini-essays on them or
you will not have time to do a good job on the essay question.
E.g.: Socrates: Athenian philosopher, 5th century BCE; eventually tried and executed (399 BCE)
on charges of questioning the Athenian gods and misleading youth. Left none of his own
writings yet was a significant influence on Plato’s philosophy and played a central role in Plato’s
dialogues. Used a dialogical method of inquiry (elenchus) to explore moral concepts such as
justice.
Part II: Map Identifcation (5 Points)
You will be asked to place 5 location-IDs on a map provided.
Part III: Essay (50 points)
One of the following questions will appear on the exam. You should illustrate your points with
examples drawn particularly from the primary and, if possible, secondary sources.
1. Discuss the development of the Greek polis. How does it differ from the political
societies that preceded it in Greece and the Middle East?
2. Compare the causes and consequences of the empires acquired by the fifth-century
Athenians and the Romans during the Republic.
3. In the eyes of the ancient writers we have read, what were the strengths and weaknesses
of Greek democracy (as practiced in Athens, for example) and the Roman Republic?
Were these writers right?
4. Discuss ways in which early Christianity was a rejection of the values of the Roman
Empire, and ways in which it conformed with them. Which was more important in the
rise of Christianity (up to 312 AD).
LIST OF TERMS
Early Greece and the Near East
Mesopotamia (Tigris & Euphrates rivers)
Egypt (Nile river)
pharaoh
pictographic writing systems
Minoan Crete
Knossos
Homer
Mycenae; Mycenaean Greece (c. 1600-1200
BC)
linear B
Greek “Dark Age” (c. 1200-800 BC)
polis
colonization
Phoenicians
alphabet
Archaic Age (c. 800-500 BC)
Society & Culture in the Athenian
Classical Age
Delian League
Athenian Empire
Pericles
Ionia
Plato
Aristotle
Sophists
Socrates
Herodotus
Thucydides
Tragedy: Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides
Aristophanes
Acropolis
Parthenon (Athena)
Phidias
Politics and War in the Greek Polis
Homer
Hesiod
oligarchy
tyranny
hoplite phalanx
Sparta
Lycurgus
helots
demokratia
Chios
Megara
Cyrene
Athens
Cleisthenes
assembly
Persian Wars (Thermopylae, Salamis,
Plataea)
Alexander the Great and the Creation of
the Hellenistic World
Peloponnesian War (431-404): Athens’
Sicilian Expedition
Thebes
Macedonia
Philip (ruled 359-336)
Demosthenes
Chaeronea (338)
Alexander the Great (ruled 336-323)
Gaugamela (331)
Hellenistic Greece
Ptolemies (Egypt)
Seleucids (western Asia)
Antigonids (Macedonia)
Pergamon
Alexandria
The Rise of Rome
Romulus and Remus (found Rome in 753
BC)
Latins
Etruscans
Roman Republic (509 – 27 BC): Senate;
consuls; assemblies. [Polybius critiques
constitution.]
“Struggle of the Orders” (to 287 BC):
patricians and plebeians
Twelve Tables
legion
pietas, religio, evocatio
Carthage: Punic Wars (x3), Hannibal (2nd
Punic War, 218-201 BC)
From Republic to Principate
dictator
first triumvirate (Julius Caesar, Pompey,
Crassus)
second triumvirate (Octavian, Mark Antony,
Lepidus)
Cleopatra
Actium 31 BC
Augustus Caesar (27 BC - 14 AD)
(principate)
Livy
Aeneid of Virgil
Julio-Claudian emperors, 14 - 68 AD
(Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius,
Nero)
Roman Empire
Flavian dynasty, 69 - 96 AD (Vespasian,
Titus, Domitian)
Antonine period 96 - 193 AD (Nerva,
Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus
Aurelius, Commodus)
Pax Romana
Romanization
honor (= honos)
dignitas
“Crisis of the Third Century”
Diocletian, 284 – 305 AD
tetrarchy
Late Rome & Early Christianity
Diocletian (r. 284-306)
Constantine (r. 306-337)
Mystery Religions
Mithras, Isis
Neo-Platonism
Plotinus (205-270)
Perpetua (d. 203)
St. Paul (d. 64 or 67)
Celsus (2nd century CE)
Milvian (or Mulvian) Bridge
Constantinople
Theodosius I (emperor, d. 395)
Nicene Creed
The Fall of Rome
Alaric
Foederati = “allies”
Huns
Goths
Danube
Valens (c. 328-378)
Battle of Adrianople (378)
Visigoths (west Goths)
Ostrogoths (east Goths)
Theoderic (493-526)
Franks
Romanitas = “Roman-ness
Henri Pirenne (1862-1935)
Bubonic Plague
Alexandria (541)