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Applied Behavior Analysis Vocabulary Antecedent stimulus – a stimulus that precedes a behavior. Consequence – any stimulus presented contingent on a particular response that follows the occurrence of a behavior Extinction – withholding reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior to reduce the occurrence of the behavior Modeling – demonstrating a desired behavior in order to prompt an imitative response Negative Reinforcement – the contingent removal of an aversive (negative) stimulus immediately following a response to increase the future rate and/or probability of the response Operant conditioning – the arrangement of environmental variables to establish a functional relationship between a voluntary behavior & its consequences Positive Reinforcement – the contingent presentation of a stimulus immediately following a response, which increases the future rate and/or probability of the response Punisher – a consequent stimulus that decreases the future rate and/or probability of the behavior Reinforcer – a consequent stimulus that increases or maintains the future rate and/or probability of occurrence of a behavior Shaping – teaching new behaviors through differential reinforcement of successive approximations or steps to a specified target behavior Stimulus Control – relationship in which an antecedent causes or cues a behavior to occur because learning has occurred that the specific antecedent means that engaging in the this behavior now will provide the desired reinforcer Applied Behavior Analysis – systematic application of behavioral principles to change socially significant behavior to a meaningful degree. Research tools enable users of these principles to verify a functional relationship b/w a behavior and an intervention. Contingency- relationship between a (class of) responses and a (class of) stimuli