Download Propaganda Notes

Propaganda Notes
What is Propaganda?
• A form of communication that is aimed
at influencing the attitude of a
community toward some cause or
position by presenting only one side of
an argument.
• Propaganda is usually repeated and
dispersed over a wide variety of media
in order to create the chosen result in
audience attitudes.
The appeals:
There are many types
of propaganda. Here
are a few most
common.
Bandwagon
History: The history of this expression can be linked
back to as P.T. Barnum – was a world-famous
showman and circus owner. It was he who coined the
word ‘bandwagon’, simply as the name for the
wagon that carried a circus band. Circuses were very
skilled at attracting the public by having an exciting
parade through the town, complete with a highly
decorated bandwagon.
Today’s definition: Attempts to convince the audience
that something is good because “everyone” is buying
it (“jumping on the bandwagon”) by appealing to the
desire the be part of the group or appealing to the
desire to be included.
Testimonial/Endoresement
• Uses a popular figure such as a
celebrity to endorse a product, service
or cause.
• In advertising;
– athletes are often paid $$$ to promote sport
shoes, equipment and fast food
• In politics:
- Movie/TV stars, rock stars and athletes lend a
great deal of credibility and power to a political
cause or candidate
Fear
• To present a dreaded circumstance
and usually follow it up with the kind of
behavior needed to avoid that
horrible event.
• Very popular among political parties in
the US.
– “This is your brain (image of an egg). This is
your brain on drugs (image of the egg
being cracked into a hot frying pan).”
Loaded Words
• Chooses words that will influence
audiences perception of an item or
issue
Examples:
•war – limited police action
•conquest – liberation
•famine – widespread hunger
•pestilence – outbreak
•death – casualties
Transfer
• Uses words, images or symbols that
arouse emotions and connect the
viewer’s emotion to the product being
sold.
– A tire dealer places red, white and blue
banners throughout his store, or a political
activist closes his speech with a prayer.
Glittering Generalities
• Uses slogans or simple phrases that
sound good but provide little or no
information due to the vagueness of
the message or the positive
connotations of the words.
Example: a politician says, “A vote for me is a
vote for peace.”
Name-Calling
• Uses derogatory implications or
innuendoes to turn people against
something.
– Burger King implies that its flame-broiled
burgers are superior to the other fast-food
companies, specifically McDonald’s.
Plain Folks
• Works by suggesting that everyday
things are superior to special or
extravagant things.
-Country Time lemonade sells itself as simple
and therefore valuable — a return to the
“good old days” when plain folks and simple
ways were important.
Snob Appeal
Plays on our desire for fancy items and
the “good life.”
– Video shows the glassware to call a cat to
a Fancy Feast dinner.
Repetition
• Repeats products, services or position
several times
– “Head On – apply it directly to your
forehead. Head On – apply it directly to
your forehead. Head On – apply it directly
to your forehead.”
– “Pizza, Pizza”
Rhetorical Question
• Asks a question in which no response is
expected or desired because the
answer is obvious.
• The question is used for effect or is
used to emphasize a point.
– “Do you want to save 15% or more on car
insurance?”
Logical Fallacies
• Applying logic, once can usually draw a
conclusion from one or more established
premises.
• In the type of propaganda known as logical
fallacy, however, the premises may be
accurate by the conclusion is not.
Example: When the statistics are based on a
falsehood. 100% Chicken!
Questions to Ask
• Who is the speaker?
• What does the speaker want from me?
• What advantage does the speaker
gain from my agreement or lose from
my disagreement? And vice-versa?
• Does the speaker represent other
interests that may not be obvious?
• Why is the speaker giving this message
now?
PRACTICE:
What type of propaganda technique is used
in the following ad?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Bandwagon
Loaded Words
Testimonial
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Snob Appeal
Logical Fallacy
Transfer
B. Loaded word
What type of propaganda technique is
used in the following ad?
A. Bandwagon
B. Loaded Words
C. Testimonial
D. Name-Calling
E. Plain Folks
F. Snob Appeal
G. Logical Fallacy
H. Transfer
C. Testimonial
C. Testimonial
Loaded Word
What type of propaganda technique is
used in the following ad?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Bandwagon
Loaded Words
Testimonial
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Snob Appeal
Logical Fallacy
Transfer
D. Name Calling
What type of propaganda technique
is used in the following ad?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Bandwagon
Loaded Words
Testimonial
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Snob Appeal
Misuse of Statistics
Transfer
A. Bandwagon
What type of propaganda technique is
used in the following ad?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Bandwagon
Loaded Words
Testimonial
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Snob Appeal
Misuse of
Statistics
H. Transfer
Loaded Word
What type of propaganda is this?
95% of
homework
assigned is
busy work
and is not
beneficial
to the
student!
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Bandwagon
Loaded Words
Testimonial
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Snob Appeal
Misuse of
Statistics
H. Transfer
G. Logical Fallacies
Using the Questions, lets look at a few
examples of propaganda.
http://listverse.com/2013/03/23/10-recentpropaganda-pieces-that-were-lies/