Download Carbon Compounds Enzymes Worksheet

Name
Class
Section
2-3
Carbon Compounds
Date
it
(pases
tB)
This section erplains how the element carbon is able to form millions of
carbon, or organic, compounds.It also desuibes four grou?s of organic
compounds found in lfuing things.
The Chemistry of Carbon
(page rt4)
1. How many valence electrons does each carbon atom have?
2, What gives carbon the ability tolorm
chains that are ahnost
unlimited in iength?
Macromolecules
(page 45)
3. Many of the molecules in Iiving cells are so large that they are
lcrown
as
.
4. lAlhat is the process called-by which macromolecules are formed?
5. When monomers join together, what do they form?
6. \ ,rtnt
are four.gxoups of organic compourtds-fsund in
living things?
a.
i@
@
@
E
b.
o
c.
I
d.
o
E
Carbohydrates
E=
E
o
e
@
4
(pages 4s-48)
7. \Alhat atoms make up carbohydrates?
O
8. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about carbohydrates.
a. Starches and sugars are exarnples of carbohydrates.
b. Living things use them as their main source of energy.
c. The monomers in sugar polymers are starch molecules.
d. Plants and some animals use them for skength and rigidity.
9. Single sugar molecules
are also called
10. Circ1e the letter of each monosacdraride.
c. glucose d. fructose
a. galactose b. glycogen
11. What are polysaccharides?
\-
12. How do plants and animals store excess sugar?
Lipids
(pages 4r-<7)
L3. What kinfu of atoms are lipids mosfly made up
ofl
\
14. What are tluee common categories of lipids?
b.
15. Many lipids are formed when a glycerol molecule combines with
compounds called
.
16. Circie the letter of eaeh way that fats are used in iiving things.
a. As parts of biologica-l membranes
b. To store energy
c. To give plants rigrdify
d; As chemical rnessengers
i7.
Complete tI-re table about lipids.
KINDS OF LIPIDS
Kind of Lipid
Description
@
E
@
E
a
a
Each carbon atom in
carbon atom by a single bond.
r
h
=
o
Unsaturated
!'r
A lipid's fatty acids contain more than one double bond.
=
-\/
E'\
av
@
o
=
@
Nucleic Acids
{pase 47)
18. Nudeic acids contain what kinds of atoms?
19. The monomerc that make up nudeic acids are larown as
20. Anudeotide consists of what tluee parts?
21. lAlhat is the function of nudeic acids in
22. What are two kinds of nucleic acifu?
a.
b.
Proteins (pages qz4l)
23. Proteirs contain what kinds of atoms?
liri.g
things?
/;
2+. Proteins are polvrr.ers of molecules called
25. What are four roles that proteins play in
liriog things?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ts
E
u
qo
@
Section
24 chemical
Reactions and Enzymes
This section describes wlnt happens to chemicalbonds duins ckemical
reacti.ons. It__also explains how m*gy changes
ffict whether"a chemical
reaction w{ll occur and descibes the impoiancl af enzymes to living things.
(pases 4e_s3)
Chemical Reactiofls (page 4e)
1. l{hat is a chemical reaction?
2- Complete the table about chemicars in
a chemical reaction.
CHEMICALS IN A CHEMICAL REACTION
Chemicals
3. Chemical reactions always involve changes in chemical
E-nergy
in Reactiors
(pase 5o)
4. trAlhat is released or absorbec whenever chemical bonds form or.
are broken?
5. what do chentica-l reactions that absorb energ.y need to occur?
6. Chsmsts cali.the
energ'y needed to get a reaction started the
7. Complete the graph of an energyreleasing reaction by adding taEits
to show the errergy of the reactants,
the energy of the products, and the
activation energ.y.
o
E
d
o
h
Gourse of Reaction -----+
=
o
EnzSnrres
(pages 51-52)
8. What is a catalyst?
9. Proteins that act as biological catalysts
are caLled
10. How do ceIls use enzymes?
11. From what is part of an enzyme,s nam.e usually derived?
Enzyrr.e Action
(pages s2-ss)
12. The reactants of enzyme.catalyzed reactions are lcrown
as
L3. why are the active site and the substrates in an enzFne_catalyzed
reaction oftm compared to a 1ock and kev? _
14- The binding together of an enzyme and a substrate
for:ns a(an)
15. How do most cel1s regulate the activity of enzymes?
WordWise
tlle
!:"y.n
5u17tions.6y.atriti1tg
thq circledtettn(s) in
the correct aocaburary
\e zuite a dsnitionforeachlmntu
'Ihnt,
find
tnm in
the brantcs.
thehidd.ioocaihuii-;;;;"
the hidden word,.
C1ues
.
:
.. .
Vocabulary Terrns
What is a negatively charged subatomic
What is the basic unit of matts?
partide?
jnations of many monomers?
What is an orgarric compound called that is used.
r1o* elergy_and forrrs important parts of
Jg
biological membranes?
.- O
_-:<
prcduced by a dremjca-l reiction?
l4lhat is.the
f-ype 9f gr:xture whose components are
evenly distibuted ttuoughout?
What is an atom ca-lled that has a positive or nesative
cha-rge as a result of gaining or lo&ng
.
lAtrhat
is
a
"t""t*sf--'-
monomer of nucleic acids caIled?
Hidden Word:
Defilition:
_
O_
O
comb
What is an element or compound ca1led that is
_
e
o
O
O
O