Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
The Greek collapse 1200-750 BC What happened? Around 1200 BC: Famine, drought, trade disruptions, invasions… Famine probably caused everything Sea Peoples Troy fell Egypt fell Near East Fell 75% Population decreased People moved away Writing was lost Some art was lost Bards Athens only survived 1200-750 BC Agriculture and crafts continued Geometric-like art Basileus: chief Homer and Hesiod Demos: a territory, with a major city, and the people Polis: main city of the Demos Oikos: household Thetes: property-less men THE POWER TO THINK AND REASON GAVE MAN HIS WORTH NO AUTHORITY HIGHER THAN REASON ‘GOD” WAS AN ABSTRACT IDEA NOT A PERSONAL PRESENCE EXCELLENCE (ARETE) IN ALL THINGS THE MATERIAL WORLD IS THE EXTENSION OF THE HUMAN ABILITY Blind poet who compiled lost epics into a our two surviving books: The Iliad and the Odyssey Lived towards the end of the Dark Ages (700 BC) Combined present social life with past legend Sought to elevate the Mycenaean period as “Heroic” Paris prince of Troy kidnaps the wife of a Mycenaean King, Menelaus of Sparta. Menelaus defers to his brother, Agamemnon the King of all Achaeans, and they engage in war for 10 years at Troy. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=_w8wW0z7nNg What was life really like during the Dark Ages and what was a reflection back into the past? Linear B: Wanax (warlord) Lawagetas (army general) From archaeology: Large Palaces with art and architecture from the Minoans Megarons “Greek” religion Inhumation Bronze weapons From Homer government changes… Basileus: chieftain Boule: assembly of “elders” Agora: assembly of community Weapons change Iron is used Some large homes (no palaces) Megaron Xenia: guest friendship Agathos: “goodness” attained by bravery in battle, loyalty, fairness, hospitable Aristos: desire to be the best Arete: Excellence Kleos: glory Aidos: sense of duty Arête: Excellence Value is determined by how effective you are at controlling your environment Examples of Homeric arête: Glory in battle or athleticism Sense of duty Xenia Two major works: Works and Days Hard work (ergon) Guest friendship (xenia) Theogony the creation of the gods and the world Humanism vs Fatalism 750-700 BC Rapid population growth City-States and Panhellenism Rise of aristocracy and the lack of fertile land Trade Colonization Writing Art and architecture Set foundation for the Archaic Age