Download Bell Quiz

Bell Quiz (pgs. 363 – 371)
1. This is a religious revolution that split the church
in western Europe and created a number of new
Christian churches.
2. Where did Martin Luther post his 95 theses AND
what church did he create?
3. Why did Henry VIII break from the Roman
Catholic Church?
4. What was the goal of the Counter-Reformation?
5. What was the Index of Forbidden Books?
Answers
1. The Reformation.
2. On a church door; The Lutheran Church.
3. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife
4. To return the Catholic church to an
emphasis on spiritual matters.
5. A list of books that Catholics were banned
from reading.
Objectives
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Discuss the developments that led to
the Reformation.
Describe how Martin Luther protested
against the Roman Catholic Church
and began a new church.
Identify the factors that caused the
spread of Protestantism.
Objectives
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Describe how the Catholic Church
responded to the Reformation.
Discuss the results of the Reformation
and the Counter – Reformation.
Chapter 15 Section 3 & 4 Terms
Reformation
Indulgences
Martin Luther
Henry VIII
John Calvin
Counter-Reformation
Council of Trent
Use pages 363-367 to put the following events
that led to the Reformation in chronological order
John Calvin forms Protestant Church in Switzerland.
Martin Luther criticizes the church.
Henry VIII breaks from the Catholic Church.
Humanists urge people to withdrawal.
Luther establishes the Lutheran Church.
Church ignores concerns.
Tetzel begins selling indulgences.
French Huguenots given freedom of worship after bloody civil wars.
Luther excommunicated.
Church of England created.
Humanists outraged by sales.
Northern Humanists express concerns about the church.
The Protestant Reformation
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First break with the Roman Catholic Church
took place in what is now Germany.
Germany was not a unified nation yet. It
was made up of about 300 independent
states.
The weak rulers could not control
independent ideas about religion or abuses
of power by the popes.
Martin Luther
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Martin Luther developed beliefs
that later became known as
Lutheranism.
1517, Luther publicly criticized
the selling of indulgences by the
Pope and Johann Tetzel (a
fellow monk).
Luther posted his 95 theses (or
statements) about indulgences
on a church door.
Because Luther had challenged
church practices he was
denounced by church leaders.
By 1520 Luther openly disagreed
with many other church
doctrines.
Martin Luther’s Break with
the Church
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1521 Pope Leo X declared Luther a heretic, and
excommunicated him.
The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V summoned
Luther to the city of Worms and commanded him to
abandon his ideas. (Imperial Diet of Worms)
Luther refused and was banned from printing his
work.
Frederick the Wise, the elector of Saxony helped
protect Luther after the Diet of Worms.
With the support of Frederick, Luther translated the
Bible into German.
The Spread of Protestantism
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Many German rulers
established the Lutheran
Church within their states.
Charles V tired to stop the
spread of Protestantism.
1546 Charles V sent armies
against the Protestant
German rulers.
1555 the Peace of Augsburg
stated German rulers had
right to choose the religion
for their state.
Almost all the German
states chose the Lutheran
Church.
The Church of England
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England’s break from the
Roman Catholic Church
was political.
Henry VIII wanted a
divorce from his wife
Catherine of Aragon.
Pope Clement VII refused
to grant the divorce.
Henry VIII started his own
church, the Church of
England (the Anglican
Church)
Calvinism
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In the 1530s John
Calvin founded a
Protestant church in
Switzerland.
1536 he published his
beliefs in “The
Institutes of the
Christian Religion”.
By the 1600s Calvinist
churches were well
established in many
parts of Europe.
Use pages 368-371 to fill in the graphic organizer by
listing the methods used by the Catholic Church to
achieve their counter-reformation goals.
Goal
Methods Used
Revive Spirituality
1.
2.
Combat Heresy
1.
2.
Define Catholic Doctrine
1.
2.
3.
Slow the Spread of
Protestantism
1.
2.
Counter – Reformation
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1530s the Catholic Church began a
major reform effort, called the Counter
– Reformation (or Catholic
Reformation)
Goals of the Counter - Reformation
– Return the church’s emphasis to spiritual
matters.
– Make its doctrines more clear.
– Campaign to stop the spread of
Protestantism.
Counter – Reformation tactics
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Pope Paul III
appointed devout and
learned men as
bishops and cardinals.
Brought the Inquisition
to Rome.
Did not use
Inquisitions to punish
Protestants
Goal was to keep
Catholics within the
church
Pope Paul IV
established the Index
of Forbidden Books.
The Council of Trent
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1545, Pope Paul III called a
meeting of church leaders
to the city of Trent.
The Council of Trent met 3
times between 1545 and
1563
Defined the official church
position on matters of
doctrine.
Ended the sale of
indulgences.
Tightened discipline within
the clergy.
Supported beliefs that
Protestants had rejected.
Jesuits
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Jesuits: the Society of Jesus.
Founded by Ignatius de Loyola in
1534.
1540, Pope Paul III recognized
the Jesuits as an official order of
the Catholic Church.
Followers took vows of chastity,
poverty, and obedience to the
pope.
Organized like a military group.
Became the most effective group
at spreading Catholicism.
Stressed education, and founded
some of the best colleges in
Europe.
Results of the Religious Upheaval
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Appearance of many
different churches in
Europe.
A strong interest in
education.
Reading became
increasingly important.
Increase in the power of
national governments.
Decrease in the power of
the pope.
Review
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How did the Catholic Church respond
to the Reformation?
What were the results of the
Reformation and the Counter –
Reformation?