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Diagrams & Terms
Chapter 43
Match the Terms
1.
2.
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13.
General term: engulfs, traps & digests invader
Protein that a virus-infected cell secretes, inducing nearby cells to
inhibit viral reproduction
Protein that tags antigens for destruction
Type of WBC, originates from stem cells in bone marrow, general
term
Circulate in blood, are attracted by signals, engulf & destroy
pathogens
Lymphocytes that mature & remain in blood, release chemicals to
destroy abnormal cells
Found beneath mucousal surfaces, defend against multicellular
invaders using destructive enzymes.
Lymphocytes for viruses inside host cells
Populate tissues that contact the environment, stimulate adaptive
immunity
Proteins circulate through blood in an inactive state, activated by
surfaces of microbes, begins reactions that lead to lysis of microbe
Lymphocytes that mature in the bone marrow
Any foreign substance that stimulates an immune response
Large eaters, migrate through body or remain permanently in
certain tissues/organs
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
Eosinophils
Antigen
B cells
Antibody
Lymphocytes
Complement System
Natural killer cells
T cells
Neutrophils
Dendritic cells
Macrophages
Phagocytic cell
Interferons
Figure 43.8-3
Local Inflammatory Response
Pathogen
Mast
cell
Splinter
Macrophage
Signaling
molecules
Capillary
Neutrophil
Red
blood cells
Movement
of fluid
Phagocytosis
Figure 43.9
Antigenbinding site
Antigenbinding
site
Disulfide
bridge
Variable
regions
B cell
antigen
receptor
C
Light
chain
Heavy
chains
B cell
Cytoplasm of B cell
C
Constant
regions
Transmembrane
region
Plasma
membrane
Figure 43.11
Antigenbinding
site
T cell
antigen
receptor
V
V
Variable
regions
C
C
Constant
regions
Disulfide
bridge
 chain
T cell
Transmembrane
region
 chain
Plasma
membrane
Cytoplasm of T cell
Figure 43.12
Displayed
antigen
fragment
T cell
T cell antigen
receptor
MHC
molecule
Antigen
fragment
Pathogen
Host cell
(a) Antigen recognition by a T cell
Top view
Antigen
fragment
MHC
molecule
Host cell
(b) A closer look at antigen presentation
Figure 43.13
DNA of
undifferentiated
B cell
V37
V39
V38
V40
J1
J2
J4
J3
J5
C
Intron
1 Recombination deletes DNA between
randomly selected V segment and J segment
DNA of
differentiated
B cell
V37
V39 J5
V38
C
Intron
Functional gene
2 Transcription
V39 J5
pre-mRNA
Intron
C
3 RNA processing
mRNA
Cap
V39 J5
C
Poly-A tail
V
V
V
V
4 Translation
C
C
Light-chain polypeptide
V
Variable
region
C
Constant
region
C
Antigen receptor
B cell
C
Figure 43.14
B cells that
differ in
antigen
specificity
Antigen
Antigen
receptor
Antibody
Memory cells
Plasma cells
Figure 43.15
Primary immune response
to antigen A produces
antibodies to A.
Secondary immune response to
antigen A produces antibodies to A;
primary immune response to antigen
B produces antibodies to B.
Antibody concentration
(arbitrary units)
104
103
Antibodies
to A
102
Antibodies
to B
101
100
0
7
Exposure
to antigen A
14
21
28
35
Exposure to
antigens A and B
Time (days)
42
49
56
Figure 43.16
Antigenpresenting
cell
Antigen fragment
Pathogen
Class II MHC molecule
Accessory protein
Antigen receptor
1
Helper T cell
Cytokines
Humoral
immunity
B cell

3


2

Cytotoxic T cell
Cellmediated
immunity
Figure 43.17-3
Cytotoxic T cell
Accessory
protein
Class I MHC
molecule
Infected
cell
1
Released
cytotoxic
T cell
Antigen
receptor
Perforin
Pore
Antigen
fragment
2
Dying
infected cell
Granzymes
3
Figure 43.18-3
Antigen-presenting
cell
Class II
MHC
molecule
Antigen
receptor
Pathogen
Antigen
fragment
B cell

Accessory
protein
Cytokines
Activated
helper T cell
Helper T cell
1
Memory B cells
2
Plasma cells
3
Secreted
antibodies
Figure 43.22
Histamine
IgE
Allergen
Granule
Mast cell
Figure 43.23
Helper T cell concentration
(in blood (cells/mm3)
Figure 43.25
Latency
AIDS
Relative anti-HIV antibody
concentration
800
Relative HIV
concentration
600
Helper T cell
concentration
400
200
0
0
1
3
7
2
4
5
6
Years after untreated infection
8
9
10
Figure 43.26