Download Protein Synthesis - MsJacksonsBiologyWiki

Protein Synthesis:
Transcription
&
Translation
HONORS BIOLOGY
SOL.BIO.6F
MAKING PROTEINS!
WHY DO WE NEED PROTEINS?

Cell Structure
 The
cell is 80% protein
WHAT DO WE NEED FOR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

DNA
 Template
for making
mRNA during Transcription
*The template strand is the
DNA strand being copied
WHAT DO WE NEED FOR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?
RNA
A) mRNA = messenger RNA
Makes
and takes copy of DNA to the
cytoplasm
B) tRNA = transfer RNA
Brings
the anticodons to pair with the
codons on the mRNA strand
WHAT DO WE NEED FOR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

Ribosome

Amino Acids
Building blocks of proteins
 Protein = AA chain

ORDER
MATTERS!!
STEPS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Transcription (Writing the “message”)
 DNA
-> mRNA
Location = Nucleus
Steps:
1. Enzyme binds to DNA, unzips it
2. mRNA copy is made from DNA template
*U replaces T in RNA*
mRNA complements known as codons
 Only 3 nucleotide “letters” long
TRANSLATION

mRNA -> tRNA -> protein (AA chain)
 Location=
cytoplasm
First codon in mRNA is the start codon AUG
STEPS TO TRANSLATION





1. mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and binds with
ribosome
2. tRNA brings the anticodon to bind with the Codon
3. Ribosome moves down to mRNA to next codon
4. tRNA anticodon brings & attached next AA with
peptide bond (Elongation)
5. tRNA leaves ribosome once AA attached
 Attached amino acid that is carried from cytoplasm
to ribosomes
 http://wn.com/protein_synthesis_animation
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
NOW LET’S PRACTICE!
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
Triplet
Codon
Anti-codon
TAC
GGA
CCT
GTA
ACT