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Comparing the Two Theories Computational Theory of Mind Meaning-making or information processing? Is Computational Theory of Mind just a fancier form of behaviorism? Unit of analysis: What gets left out? Distributed Cognition Computational Theory of Mind Original Goals A. To formally describe the meanings humans make of their worlds & then hypothesize what meaning-making processes might be involved B. To replace behaviorism, not simply reform it by adding a bit of mentalism Five Key Features 1. Posits a level of analysis wholly separate from the biological or neurological 2. Faith that central to any understanding of the human mind is the computer 3. Deliberate decision to de-emphasize certain factors that may be important but complicate things (emotion, history/culture, role of context) 4. Faith in interdisciplinary studies (philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, anthropology, neuroscience) 5. Claim that a key ingredient in contemporary cognitive psych. is the agenda of issues which have long exercised epistemologists in the Western philosophical tradition Meaning-Making or Computation of Information? Original Goal A. To formally describe the meanings humans make of their worlds & then hypothesize what meaning-making processes might be involved Key Feature 2. Faith that central to any understanding of the human mind is the computer Is Computational Theory of Mind Just a Fancier Form of Behaviorism? Original Goal B. To replace behaviorism, not simply reform it by adding a bit of mentalism Unit of Analysis: What Gets Left Out? Key Feature 3. Deliberate decision to de-emphasize certain factors that may be important but complicate things Distributed Cognition Example: Imagine a teacher creating a science activity for a middle school classroom… Assumptions of Computational Theory of Mind Cognition is bounded, dependent but autonomous system Hence, factoring assumption Dualist ontological tradition Assumptions of Distributed Cognition Theory Basic organizing structure: “communities of practice” Meaning evolves through enculturation Meaning of x @ regular pattern of interaction w/x Identity: Changes in knowing = changes in being • Non-Dualist Ontological Tradition • Learning = progress along trajectories of participation & growth of identity