Download Structure of neuron

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The Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Spinal Cord
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Motor Neurons
Somatic Nervous System
voluntary movements via
skeletal muscles
Sympathetic
- “Fight-or-Flight” responses
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Sensory Neurons
Autonomic Nervous System
organs, smooth muscles
Parasympathetic
- maintenance
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MYELIN SHEATHS
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AXONS
A junction where the axon
or some other portion of
one cell (= presynaptic
cell) terminates on the
dendrites, soma, or axon
of another neuron (post
synaptic cell).
The term was introduced
in nineteenth century by
the British
neurophysiologist Charles
Sherrington
PART
FUNCTION
AXON
Carry nerve impulses away from cell
DENDRITES
Carry nerve impulse towards nerve cell
SCHWANN’S CELL
Protective myelin sheath around the axon of myelinated nerve fibres.
NUCLEUS
Control the activity of cell
MYELIN SHEATH
-Protection of the nerve fibre.
-Insulation of the nerve fibre.
-Increases the rate of transmission of nerve impulses.
NODES OF RANVIER
-Allowing nutrients and waste products to enter/leave the neurone.
-Allowing nerve impulses to move along the neurone through a process of
de-polarisation and re-polarisation of the nerve membrane.
SYNAPSE
Reaching a synapse, an impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter,
which diffuses across the gap and triggers an electrical impulse in the next
neurone