Download COMMUNICATION

PATTERNS IN NATURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
a. MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) The scientist who discovered that most cells contain a central structure, the nucleus, was a. Rudolph Virchow
b. Robert Brown
c. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
d. Robert Hooke
2) The electron microscope was invented in a. 1672
b. 1967
c. 1979
d. 1933
3) One difference between the electron microscope and the light microscope is that a. only the light microscope uses lenses
b. the resolving power of the electron microscope is ten times larger than that of the
light microscope
c. electron microscopes must operate in a vacuum whereas light microscopes don't need
to
d. the light microscope can detect organelles such as golgi bodies whereas the electron
microscope cannot
4) Which of the following is a list of structures found in plant cells only?
a. cytoplasm, vacuole, chloroplast
b. vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast
c. plastids, nucleus, cell membrane
d. cell wall, chloroplast, plastids
5) A cellular organelle found in both animal and plant cells is shown below.
The function of this organelle is to a. carry out respiration
b. store, package and despatch molecules within the cell
c. maintain cell structure and protect the cell
d. carry out photosynthesis
6) Two functions of carbohydrates in living cells are a. growth and repair and energy storage
b. the control of cellular metabolism and energy storage
c. energy storage and the provision of structural support
d. the control of protein manufacture and energy storage
PATTERNS IN NATURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
7) A drawing taken from a plant cell electron micrograph is shown below.
d.
a.
b.
c..
The names of structures a, b, c and d are, respectively a. chloroplast, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion
b. mitochondrion, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body
c. chloroplast, vacuole, golgi body, endoplasmic reticulum
d. chloroplast, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body
8) Fat soluble molecules can pass easily through cell membranes because a. the outside of the cell membrane is hydrophobic
b. the outside of the cell membrane is hydrophilic
c. the molecules pass through small pores in the membrane
d. they are helped through by the large proteins embedded in the membrane
9) Which of the following lists the specialised structures in multicellular organisms from least
complex to most complex?
a. cells, organs, body systems, tissues
b. body systems, organs, tissues, cells
c. cells, tissues, body systems, organs
d. cells, tissues, organs, body systems
10) Three autotrophic groups of organisms are -
a. plants, cyanobacteria and fungi
b. bacteria, plants and animals
c. plants, chemosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria
d. animals, fungi and bacteria
11) The word equation for photosynthesis is shown below.
sunlight
________+ water  ________+ oxygen
PATTERNS IN NATURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
The words missing from the equation, from left to right, are a. nitrates and glucose
b. glucose and hydrogen
c. glucose and carbon dioxide
d. carbon dioxide and glucose
12) The main function of the root hairs in a plant is to a. provide a large surface area for the absorption of organic molecules from the soil
b. provide a large surface area for the release of waste materials into the soil
c. provide a large surface area for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil
d. provide a large surface area for the absorption of oxygen from the soil
13) The structures in leaves through which gases move are called a. vascular bundles
b. stomata
c. palisade cells
d. petioles
14) One difference between the respiratory surfaces of frogs and mammals is that a. unlike mammals, the respiratory surfaces in frogs are not in close contact with blood
vessels
b. the respiratory surfaces in mammals do not need to remain moist, whereas in frogs
they do
c. unlike mammals, frogs have both internal and external respiratory surfaces
d. the respiratory surfaces in frogs have a small surface area to volume ratio, whereas in
mammals this ratio is large
15) Mitosis in organisms produces a. two daughter cells that are identical to each other and to the parent cell
b. four daughter cells that are identical to each other and to the parent cell
c. two daughter cells that are identical to each other but not to the parent cell
d. four non-identical daughter cells
b. SHORT ANSWER AND LONGER RESPONSE QUESTIONS
16) a. Outline the difference between open and closed circulatory systems.
b. For each of the systems in part a., name an animal with this system and give a brief
description of the system.
17) a. Why do multicellular organisms need efficient transport systems?
b. Name and describe the two major tissues involved in the transport of materials
through plants.
c. Briefly outline the mechanisms involved in the movement of materials through each of
the tissues in part b.
PATTERNS IN NATURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
18) Briefly describe an experiment you could carry out to investigate a factor that affects the
transpiration rate in plants.
19) Outline one way in which the technique of autoradiography has been used to trace the
path of elements through plants or animals.
20) Explain why the caecum and colon (large intestine) are much longer in rabbits than in
humans.
21)
Label the diagrams below, using the words listed in the box.
animal cell, plant cell, chloroplast, cell wall, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, cell membrane
f.
g.
e.
d.
h.
c
a.
b.
22) Account for the fact that mitochondria, while found in all cells, can be found in even
greater numbers in the muscle cells of animals.
23) Complete the table below, which describes the organic compounds in cells.
Class of organic compound
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
Elements/molecules present
Function of compound in cell
24) During this topic you tested for the presence of various organic compounds in cells. For
one of these compounds, outline the procedure you used, the materials required and
your results and conclusions.
25) a. Briefly explain the difference between osmosis and diffusion.
b. Identify and describe one situation where diffusion occurs in living organisms.
c. Identify and describe one situation where osmosis occurs in living organisms.
PATTERNS IN NATURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
26) Draw in arrows to show the net direction of water movement by osmosis in the diagram
below. The shaded molecules represent solute molecules and the unshaded ones
represent water molecules. The compartments are separated by a semi-permeable
membrane.
27) Describe a structural adaptation found in the leaves of the following plants:
i) rainforest plants
ii) marine algae
iii) cactus plants
iv) water lily
28) Outline the role of teeth in digestion. Include the role of incisors, canines and molars in
your answer.
29) During this topic you investigated the relationship between surface area and reaction
rate. Describe the procedure you used, the materials needed and your results and
conclusions for this investigation.
30) a. What is the purpose of mitosis in living things?
b. Explain what is meant by the diploid chromosome number. What is the diploid
number in the nuclei of human cells?
c. Name each of the stages of mitosis shown below, and explain what is happening at
each stage.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.