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PEDS CH 25 2-23-09 (CARDIO) AVA- stands for two arteries and one vein -the veins carry blood to the uterus and baby and the arteries carry deoxygenated blood away from the baby DUCTUS MINOSUS- A vein that by passes to the liver on its way to the baby FORAMEN OVALE- between the septum of the heart (it closes when the baby is born) BLOOD FLOWBlood travels to the babies heart by the vein, some blood toes to the fetal liver and the rest goes into the babies heart through the Right atrium then to the forum ovale to the Left atrium town to the L ventricle. From the Left ventricle it goes back up through the superior vena cava and it’s carried away from the babies heart through the 2 arteris -the right side of the heart has increased pressure compared to the left Indomethicin- a NSAIDS that closes PDA’s (patent ductus arteriosis) CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS: PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect OBSTRUCTED BLOOD FLOW Coartation of the aorta Pulmonic stenosis Aortic stenosis DECREASED BLOOD FLOW Tetralogoy of fallot Tricuspid atrosia MIXED DEFECTS Hypoplastic left heart ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT- oxygenated blood circulated through the lungs because the forum ovale has not closed completely after birth and blood seeps out from the left atrium to go to the Right atrium into right ventricle. This effect causes a mixture of deoxygenated blood and oxygenated blood. VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT- the blood from the left ventricle goes to the right ventricle and mixes causing oxygenated blood to go into the lungs COMPLICATION- left ventricle will have increased pressure causing the deoxygenated blood to flow back into the right ventricle. This is seen as cyanosis in babies PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS- blood from the aorta goes to the pulmonary arteries. Oxygenated blood goes into the lungs. Symptoms is seen as dyspnea. COARTATION OF THE AORTA- the point where the aorta descends has a stricture. Is seen in the body when there is a lower B/P in the arms and the legs have a higher B/P. (classic test question: femoral pulses are checked as a screening for Coartation of the aorta) TETRAOLOGY OF FALLOT- blood increases in the right ventricle and flows over into the aorta DEXTROPPOSTIONG- also called overuritirs. TET SPELL- pulmonary system has a spasm and the child becomes cyanosis. (classic test question: in a tet spell the child is put in a squatting position and the infant is put in a knee/chest position over your shoulder) MEDSURGE- 2-23-09 VASCULAR -cholesterol causes blockage and clots Sclerorsis- hardening and los of elasticity of arterial walls Venastatis- a would that has a seepy drainage Venous insufficiencies- legs start turning brown from the internal seeping blood between the spaces. Discoloration is seen around the ankles. Some edema is present, and cyanosis is also seen. Induration- a raised area on the skin such as seen with a TB test. DVT- can be caused by bedrest of a couple of weeks ARTHERIOSCLEROSIS- thickening plaque on inside of walls, reducing amount of blood going through ASPIRIN THERAPY- 81 mg /day THROMBOPHLEBITIS- inflammation of the skin distal to a blockage. Thrombus will have an increase in temperature. LYMPH DISORDERS- caused by streptoccus Lymph edema- don’t do blood pressures o IV’s in this area PERIPHERAL IV- should be removed after 3 days unless the doctor order’s otherwise MIDLINE- IV doesn’t always go to the heart. Can stay in until it goes bad PICC LINE- IV connected to inferior or superior vena cava. Can be used forever if kept well. Tubes may have designated ports. DISCLAIMER: THESE ARE STUDENT NOTES TAKEN OF LECTURE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN CLASS AND IS NOT AN OFFICIAL DOCUMENT FROM THE INSTRUCTORS OR THE FACULTY OF RTC. THE INFORMATION PRESENTED MAY NOT BE 100% COMPLETE OF WHAT WAS LECTURED IN CLASS AND SHOULD NOT BE USED AS AN ONLY SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR ANY TESTS, QUIZ, OR FINAL EXAMS.