Download Atoms and Elements

Atoms and Elements
I don’t know.
What’s the matter with you?
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Matter- Substances that make up the
universe. All matter has mass and
volume.
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Everything around you is either matter or
energy
Building Blocks of Matter
Atom- A basic unit of matter consisting of a
dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud
of negatively charged electrons.
• Element- A pure chemical substance
composed of one type of atom.
• Periodic Table of the Elements- An
arrangement of elements in columns based
on a set of properties that repeat from row to
row.
•
Subatomic Particles
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Atom- Smallest particle of an element.
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Subatomic Particles:
Nucleus- Small dense positively charged center of an
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atom.
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Proton- Subatomic particle that has a positive charge
and is found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Neutron- Subatomic particle with no electric charge
that is found in the nucleus of an atom.
Electron- negatively charged subatomic particle found
in an area outside the nucleus of an atom.
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Atoms have their
electrons arranged in
layers called shells
1st level- 2 electrons max.
2nd Level- 8 electrons max.
3rd level- 18 electrons max.
4th level- 32 electrons max.
Using the Periodic Table to
understand makeup of atoms
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Atomic Number- Number of
protons in the nucleus.
Atomic Mass- Average of the
masses of the existing isotopes
of an element.
Mass number- the sum of
the protons and neutrons in its
nucleus.