Download CH 9 cont

Old Info You need to know
I. Cellular Respiration? What is it? Formula
___________________________________
2 types Aerobic vs __________
Alcoholic Fermentation-from ____________________
Lactic Acid-_____________
II. Enzymesex. ______
Affected by _________and _______________
CH 8 Cellular Transport and Cell Cycle
I.
DiffusionOsmosis-
(3 types)
1. hypertonic solution-
2. Hypotonic solution-
3. Isotonic solution-
II. Passive Transport1. Diffusion
Active transport-
Occurs 3 ways
2. Channel Proteins
3. Carrier Proteins (facilitated diffusion)
How? (see p 199)
III. Cell growth and reproduction
Why not big cells?
Chromosome structure p205
IV. Cell cycle
Cycle has 2 steps 1. growth (inter___) and 2. division (Mitosis)
Interphase has 3 parts (G1, S, G2)
G1-__________, G2-__________, S-__________
See p 206
Mitosis (4 steps) PMAT
1. ________2. ________-
3. ________4. ________Last step Cytokinesis!!
CH 9 cont.. Mendel and Genetics
I.
Mendel? Who…
A. Monohybrid crosse
F1, F2, P
allleles are…
B. Rule of dominance
examples…
C. Law of segregation
D. Phenotypes vs Genotypes
Homozygous vs Heterozygous
Dominant vs Recessive
examples…
examples…
examples….
E. Punnett Squares
F. Dihybrid Crosses explained by law of independent assortment
NOTES CH 12
Incomplete dominance
RR X R’R’ = R’R
Codominance-BB X WW = BW
Multiple Alleles – blood types = i, IA, IB also pigeons
also sickle cell
Polygenic= plants AABBCC or skin color
Environmental influences (external and internal)
READ p 332
DNA CH 11
Importance of proteins!
In 1950 scientists Hershey and Chase disproved theory that protein was genetic material,
_______is! Ex _____________
I. DNA is composed of (3 Parts)
1. ________________
2.________________
3.________________
see p 282
Single ringed N Bases = Pyrimidines are C and T
2X ringed N Bases = Purines are
A and G
Scientists Watson and Crick proposed structure of DNA as a ____________, held
together by H Bonds and __________
These complementary bases were A bonded w/ ____
G bonded w/ _______
II. DNA REPLICATION
What is it? __________
When does it occur? _____
Where does it occur ______?
See p 286 and Draw
What does it produce? _______
III. DNA to protein
DNA nucleotides make proteins
RNA is different by 3 ways
1. ____stranded 2.sugar is a ______3.No “T” but ____
DNA provides instructions and translated by RNA into proteins
3 types of RNA: 1. mRNA=_____________2. rRNA=is ribosome that binds mRNA
3.tRNA=delivers the __________
IV. Protein Synthesis (2 steps)
Step 1 Transcription-formation of mRNA from copy of DNA. Some letters are removed
(introns). Important ones remain (exons).
What happens? 1. enzyme unzips DNA
2.free nucleotides pair w/ comp
base to form a mRNA (A-*U pair… there is no “T” and C-G pair) 3. mRNA moves
into _________ and DNA zips up
Drawing on Board!
Each 3 letter sequence on mRNA is called _____ ex. AUG
Step 2: TRANSLATION-process of reading mRNA to combine A.A’s to create proteins
HOW?
1. ________ attaches to mRNA
2.A tRNA carrying A.A binds to
mRNA on Ribosome 3. Second tRNA binds to mRNA and 1st A.A attaches w/
the second tRNA’s AA.
4. 1st mRNA leaves and another tRNA
joins to mRNA
5. By linking A.A’s
together you form a __________
Draw:
tRNA is composed of three letter sequence called ____. This tRNA carries A.A (see
chart p 292)
AA of “start” AUG or meth begins translation and stop UAA or UGA obviously _______
translation
DRAW
V.Read 11.3 Genetic Mutations p 296-end