Auditory Imagery: Empirical Findings
... varying whether onsets of synthesized tones were sudden or gradual (keeping spectral information constant). Prior to imagery trials, participants were exposed to and learned labels for each of the synthesized timbres. On each trial, participants heard a sine wave tone and saw a visual presentation o ...
... varying whether onsets of synthesized tones were sudden or gradual (keeping spectral information constant). Prior to imagery trials, participants were exposed to and learned labels for each of the synthesized timbres. On each trial, participants heard a sine wave tone and saw a visual presentation o ...
Tilburg University Crying, catharsis, and health
... to this theory, two phases occur in adult crying, emotional arousal and recovery. Crying occurs when a period of either positive or negative arousal is followed by a shift to recovery. Only during this second phase, while tension decreases, will tears flow. In this view, tears do not facilitate reco ...
... to this theory, two phases occur in adult crying, emotional arousal and recovery. Crying occurs when a period of either positive or negative arousal is followed by a shift to recovery. Only during this second phase, while tension decreases, will tears flow. In this view, tears do not facilitate reco ...
Intention to seek help for early symptoms of dementia in people from
... control beliefs were not; these findings overlapped with previous studies of professional help-seeking for mental health issues. Culturally relevant attitudes, addressed via indirect TPB beliefs, were also found to significantly influence intention to seek help as implicated in previous qualitative ...
... control beliefs were not; these findings overlapped with previous studies of professional help-seeking for mental health issues. Culturally relevant attitudes, addressed via indirect TPB beliefs, were also found to significantly influence intention to seek help as implicated in previous qualitative ...
Attitudes Toward Disability in Self and Other
... attitude has an impact on one’s specific affect, cognitions, and behavior. The three components are also predictive of one another (Olson, 1993). For example, experiencing negative affect regarding an attitude object may be predictive of negative behavior. Attitudes are initially formed through mode ...
... attitude has an impact on one’s specific affect, cognitions, and behavior. The three components are also predictive of one another (Olson, 1993). For example, experiencing negative affect regarding an attitude object may be predictive of negative behavior. Attitudes are initially formed through mode ...
Parsing (malicious) pleasures
... assumption that participants have a clear and consensual understanding of the emotion words with which they are presented (Wierzbicka, 1992). This assumption is clearly wrong in the case of schadenfreude, a word that has only recently been imported into English. Although the emotion words gloating, ...
... assumption that participants have a clear and consensual understanding of the emotion words with which they are presented (Wierzbicka, 1992). This assumption is clearly wrong in the case of schadenfreude, a word that has only recently been imported into English. Although the emotion words gloating, ...
Assessing Temporal Integration Spans in ADHD Through Apparent
... center of the rectangle (shown in Panel B), which would correspond to a minimization of the total distance traveled. Another inferred motion could be a single rotation (shown in Panel C), in which it appears that the rectangle is at the end of a pivoting arm. This perception would correspond to an i ...
... center of the rectangle (shown in Panel B), which would correspond to a minimization of the total distance traveled. Another inferred motion could be a single rotation (shown in Panel C), in which it appears that the rectangle is at the end of a pivoting arm. This perception would correspond to an i ...
Technical Report - Department of Veterans` Affairs
... Health, and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Australian Government. The Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health (ACPMH) does not endorse any particular approach presented here. Evidence predating the year 2004 was not considered in this review. Readers are advised to consider ...
... Health, and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Australian Government. The Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health (ACPMH) does not endorse any particular approach presented here. Evidence predating the year 2004 was not considered in this review. Readers are advised to consider ...
Physiological entrainment and behavioral coordination in a
... then investigated whether physiological and behavioral coordination enable us to predict the experience of the interactions, in particular focusing on experiences of group relatedness and group performance. ...
... then investigated whether physiological and behavioral coordination enable us to predict the experience of the interactions, in particular focusing on experiences of group relatedness and group performance. ...
Mental Simulation and Meaning in Life
... or implicit religious thinking can also enable people to derive meaning from specific events. Despite these consistent links across independent domains of research, the direct relationship between simulation and meaning in life has not yet been explicitly tested. What is more, the research reviewed ...
... or implicit religious thinking can also enable people to derive meaning from specific events. Despite these consistent links across independent domains of research, the direct relationship between simulation and meaning in life has not yet been explicitly tested. What is more, the research reviewed ...
Joint Influence of Metaphor Familiarity and Mental Imagery Ability on
... cognition theories, is the linkage between the sensory-motor information of the literal meanings and the intended figurative interpretations (Gibbs et al. 2006; Wilson & Gibbs 2007). However, studies investigating whether sensory-motor systems are indeed involved in metaphor comprehension when no re ...
... cognition theories, is the linkage between the sensory-motor information of the literal meanings and the intended figurative interpretations (Gibbs et al. 2006; Wilson & Gibbs 2007). However, studies investigating whether sensory-motor systems are indeed involved in metaphor comprehension when no re ...
A pragmatic dialogic interpretation of bi
... identify, among the mathematical models of bi-intuitionism, those which may be regarded as its intended interpretations. The quest for an intended interpretation of a formal system often arises when several mathematical structures have been proposed to characterise an informal, perhaps vague notion ...
... identify, among the mathematical models of bi-intuitionism, those which may be regarded as its intended interpretations. The quest for an intended interpretation of a formal system often arises when several mathematical structures have been proposed to characterise an informal, perhaps vague notion ...
ANP_Paper1_Synesthesia - Duke Mathematics
... artistic occupation, 46 of the 192 self-identifying synesthetes were musicians, writers, or other artists. That’s 24% of the surveyed synesthetes, compared with the less than 2% of Australia’s population with artistic occupations. Trends in the hobbies of synesthetes versus controls were weaker but ...
... artistic occupation, 46 of the 192 self-identifying synesthetes were musicians, writers, or other artists. That’s 24% of the surveyed synesthetes, compared with the less than 2% of Australia’s population with artistic occupations. Trends in the hobbies of synesthetes versus controls were weaker but ...
PDF 641.84 KB
... It is possible to say that there is no personality variable that may account for doping behaviour and helps to significantly differentiate between athletes who dope and athletes who do not dope. There is always a situational background that may trigger or impede one to behave in a particular predisp ...
... It is possible to say that there is no personality variable that may account for doping behaviour and helps to significantly differentiate between athletes who dope and athletes who do not dope. There is always a situational background that may trigger or impede one to behave in a particular predisp ...
Political Preference Formation: Competition, Deliberation, and the (Ir
... contextual forces—–including elite competition and interpersonal discussions—–and individual attributes condition framing effects. This is particularly important since understanding when framing effects occur will provide insight into when rationality assumptions apply, as opposed to alternative pos ...
... contextual forces—–including elite competition and interpersonal discussions—–and individual attributes condition framing effects. This is particularly important since understanding when framing effects occur will provide insight into when rationality assumptions apply, as opposed to alternative pos ...
Causal Client Models in Selecting Effective Interventions: A
... highest reduction of the problems identified. They were instructed to assume that each intervention would be the only intervention undertaken and that other factors such as cost, time, and effort were irrelevant. When finished, they indicated how confident they were that intervention they rated as m ...
... highest reduction of the problems identified. They were instructed to assume that each intervention would be the only intervention undertaken and that other factors such as cost, time, and effort were irrelevant. When finished, they indicated how confident they were that intervention they rated as m ...
Establishing and Testing Conditioned Reinforcers
... However, these stimuli and access to food became available only after a variable number of responses were emitted (i.e., VR schedule). During the testing phase, food reinforcers were completely removed and only the buzzer and door opening were produced for responding on a newly introduced lever. Aga ...
... However, these stimuli and access to food became available only after a variable number of responses were emitted (i.e., VR schedule). During the testing phase, food reinforcers were completely removed and only the buzzer and door opening were produced for responding on a newly introduced lever. Aga ...
Reductio ad Absurdum Argumentation in Normal Logic
... Program, whilst providing all the scenarios corresponding to Stable Models semantics. Additionally, we provide equivalent and correct algorithms for incrementally computing our scenarios, with three variants. One starts by assuming all atoms as positive assumptions; another assumes them all negative ...
... Program, whilst providing all the scenarios corresponding to Stable Models semantics. Additionally, we provide equivalent and correct algorithms for incrementally computing our scenarios, with three variants. One starts by assuming all atoms as positive assumptions; another assumes them all negative ...
Reversal from blocking in humans as a result of posttraining
... blocking stimulus is reinforced in Phase 1 (see Table 1). We consider this task behavioral because, although there were verbal instructions explaining the task and the US was given motivational value through instructions, our dependent variable was suppression of an ongoing nonverbal behavior (i.e., ...
... blocking stimulus is reinforced in Phase 1 (see Table 1). We consider this task behavioral because, although there were verbal instructions explaining the task and the US was given motivational value through instructions, our dependent variable was suppression of an ongoing nonverbal behavior (i.e., ...
Research on Free-riding Behavior under Different Punishment
... punishment can effectively promote the evolution of cooperation even in very weak conditions[11]. Both the asymmetric punishment institutions and the symmetric institutions are efficient in generating cooperation [12]. Whether a free rider is a moral person or not is determined by others’ behavior [ ...
... punishment can effectively promote the evolution of cooperation even in very weak conditions[11]. Both the asymmetric punishment institutions and the symmetric institutions are efficient in generating cooperation [12]. Whether a free rider is a moral person or not is determined by others’ behavior [ ...
Stuck in a moment and you cannot get out of it: The lingering effects
... To induce feelings of social ostracism or inclusion, all participants played Cyberball, a virtual ball toss game (Williams et al., 2000). Cyberball has been used to induce a state of ostracism in over 175 studies, with results similar to those of non-Cyberball ostracism manipulations (e.g., Claypool ...
... To induce feelings of social ostracism or inclusion, all participants played Cyberball, a virtual ball toss game (Williams et al., 2000). Cyberball has been used to induce a state of ostracism in over 175 studies, with results similar to those of non-Cyberball ostracism manipulations (e.g., Claypool ...
Effects of Cognitive Reappraisal, Emotional
... describes betrayal as a violation of pivotal expectations of a trustor. Lazare (2004) has provided insights into the feelings he experienced once when he was betrayed: “Two friends betrayed my trust over an important matter. Their lying about it only compounded my hurt. For weeks after this discover ...
... describes betrayal as a violation of pivotal expectations of a trustor. Lazare (2004) has provided insights into the feelings he experienced once when he was betrayed: “Two friends betrayed my trust over an important matter. Their lying about it only compounded my hurt. For weeks after this discover ...
NJI_Science_Manual_for_Canadian_Judges-Ch2
... SCIENCE MANUAL FOR CANADIAN JUDGES SCIENCE AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ...
... SCIENCE MANUAL FOR CANADIAN JUDGES SCIENCE AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ...
Working memory and insight in the nine-dot
... restructuring in problem solving comes about as a spontaneous response to the person’s reaching an impasse in his or her attempts to solve a problem. Such a state initiates a spread of activation in semantic memory. This process may result in the activation of concepts that will prompt the person to ...
... restructuring in problem solving comes about as a spontaneous response to the person’s reaching an impasse in his or her attempts to solve a problem. Such a state initiates a spread of activation in semantic memory. This process may result in the activation of concepts that will prompt the person to ...
Treating ADHD with Neurofeedback
... pharmacological treatment had disappeared within one week of discontinuation of medication. Neurofeedback participants, on the other hand, continued demonstrating significant and sustained gains on the TOVA and behavioural ratings throughout the 3-year period, even following the discontinuation of p ...
... pharmacological treatment had disappeared within one week of discontinuation of medication. Neurofeedback participants, on the other hand, continued demonstrating significant and sustained gains on the TOVA and behavioural ratings throughout the 3-year period, even following the discontinuation of p ...
1 PROCESSING POLITICAL MISINFORMATION Running head
... incorrect information arising from a Democratic politician’s statement is retracted, Democrats— and particularly those who support the politician—may resist the correction more than their Republican counterparts who have a vested interest in the political figure being incorrect. At worst, a potentia ...
... incorrect information arising from a Democratic politician’s statement is retracted, Democrats— and particularly those who support the politician—may resist the correction more than their Republican counterparts who have a vested interest in the political figure being incorrect. At worst, a potentia ...
Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias, also called myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Biased search, interpretation and memory have been invoked to explain attitude polarization (when a disagreement becomes more extreme even though the different parties are exposed to the same evidence), belief perseverance (when beliefs persist after the evidence for them is shown to be false), the irrational primacy effect (a greater reliance on information encountered early in a series) and illusory correlation (when people falsely perceive an association between two events or situations).A series of experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs. Later work re-interpreted these results as a tendency to test ideas in a one-sided way, focusing on one possibility and ignoring alternatives. In certain situations, this tendency can bias people's conclusions. Explanations for the observed biases include wishful thinking and the limited human capacity to process information. Another explanation is that people show confirmation bias because they are weighing up the costs of being wrong, rather than investigating in a neutral, scientific way.Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in political and organizational contexts.