Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: in search of new treatments
... 40mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses; high-dose group took 160mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses. Participants completed cognitive tests before treatment, after one day of treatment, after four days of treatment, and after a six-day ‘washout’ of treatment. The participants were tested on c ...
... 40mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses; high-dose group took 160mg of hydrocortisone in two daily doses. Participants completed cognitive tests before treatment, after one day of treatment, after four days of treatment, and after a six-day ‘washout’ of treatment. The participants were tested on c ...
The Effects of Repeated Expressions on Attitude Polarization During
... Leone, 1977). Our own research has demonstrated that repeated attitude expression also causes attitudes to become more extreme. In a study by Downing, Judd, and Brauer (1992), participants were asked to state their attitudes toward a number of political issues with varying frequency. The results sho ...
... Leone, 1977). Our own research has demonstrated that repeated attitude expression also causes attitudes to become more extreme. In a study by Downing, Judd, and Brauer (1992), participants were asked to state their attitudes toward a number of political issues with varying frequency. The results sho ...
Similarity and Distance in Information Spatializations Sara Irina
... nonspatial information, such as news stories or library documents. Spatialization relies on locating information items in a graphic display based on item similarity. When inspecting a point-display spatialization of news stories, for instance, one would expect to find highly related news stories clu ...
... nonspatial information, such as news stories or library documents. Spatialization relies on locating information items in a graphic display based on item similarity. When inspecting a point-display spatialization of news stories, for instance, one would expect to find highly related news stories clu ...
Trip Leader Guide
... description should include the location where the activity will take place, for example, the trail name and number (old or new), road access information and the county name. Include the estimated time you will return home. If you or your group fails to show up within a reasonable time frame, your c ...
... description should include the location where the activity will take place, for example, the trail name and number (old or new), road access information and the county name. Include the estimated time you will return home. If you or your group fails to show up within a reasonable time frame, your c ...
Advertising Effectiveness and Attitude Change Vary as a Function of
... amid response competition, an executive function already attributed to the WM system (Kane & Engle, 2003). This coincides with other studies on advertising that have found that goal control does seem to affect how consumers view advertisements (Pieters & Wedel, 2007), which subsequently mitigates th ...
... amid response competition, an executive function already attributed to the WM system (Kane & Engle, 2003). This coincides with other studies on advertising that have found that goal control does seem to affect how consumers view advertisements (Pieters & Wedel, 2007), which subsequently mitigates th ...
Information Privacy and Trust in Government: A Citizen
... the privacy of information provided by citizens to government. This paper explores the experiences and concerns of New Zealanders in relation to information privacy, and the impact of these concerns on the trust they place in government. A series of focus groups were conducted among a range of commu ...
... the privacy of information provided by citizens to government. This paper explores the experiences and concerns of New Zealanders in relation to information privacy, and the impact of these concerns on the trust they place in government. A series of focus groups were conducted among a range of commu ...
Unfixed Resources: Perceived Costs, Consumption, and the
... wallet, money in one’s checking account, or in one’s estimated net worth, that person may be most willing to purchase the compact disk when its cost is compared with a large resource account. And as the amount of resources available for consumption is spontaneously generated at the time of judgment, ...
... wallet, money in one’s checking account, or in one’s estimated net worth, that person may be most willing to purchase the compact disk when its cost is compared with a large resource account. And as the amount of resources available for consumption is spontaneously generated at the time of judgment, ...
Accepted version - Queen Mary University of London
... treatment conducted assessments. The trial through which the BPT groups were set up ...
... treatment conducted assessments. The trial through which the BPT groups were set up ...
Does Competition Resolve the Free-Rider Problem in the Voluntary
... subjects pay a tax if they contribute below the average contribution and receive a subsidy if they contribute above it. The authors find not only a significant initial effect on contributions but also increasing cooperation over time. A considerable body of research has followed a related study by F ...
... subjects pay a tax if they contribute below the average contribution and receive a subsidy if they contribute above it. The authors find not only a significant initial effect on contributions but also increasing cooperation over time. A considerable body of research has followed a related study by F ...
Critical Thinking in Education
... Perspectives on Critical Thinking Critical thinking is based on concepts and principles, not on hard and fast, or step-bystep, procedures. Critical thinking does not assure that one will reach either the truth or correct conclusions. Circuital thinking is a continuous process and often doesn’ ...
... Perspectives on Critical Thinking Critical thinking is based on concepts and principles, not on hard and fast, or step-bystep, procedures. Critical thinking does not assure that one will reach either the truth or correct conclusions. Circuital thinking is a continuous process and often doesn’ ...
Mental Representations of Atheists and Theists 1 Running Head
... Human beings are particularly motivated to identify trustworthy individuals (e.g., Simpson, 2007). As social animals, humans need to cooperate in order to gain the benefits that the group produces, even if cooperation comes at a cost for the individual. Relatedly, people need to identify potential d ...
... Human beings are particularly motivated to identify trustworthy individuals (e.g., Simpson, 2007). As social animals, humans need to cooperate in order to gain the benefits that the group produces, even if cooperation comes at a cost for the individual. Relatedly, people need to identify potential d ...
Stereotype Bias - Indiana State University
... – Shun or not included in every day activities, looked down on, pitied, seen as incompetent, treated different Source: http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20849.pdf ...
... – Shun or not included in every day activities, looked down on, pitied, seen as incompetent, treated different Source: http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20849.pdf ...
exploring the symbiotic links between music, forming meaningful
... Interviewees were self-critical and unforgiving of their younger selves’ inability to make stable relationships. Jim, analysing his nineteen-year-old self, reflected that his inability to form a proper relationship with either the girl or her family meant that he “never grew up”. Sometimes the break ...
... Interviewees were self-critical and unforgiving of their younger selves’ inability to make stable relationships. Jim, analysing his nineteen-year-old self, reflected that his inability to form a proper relationship with either the girl or her family meant that he “never grew up”. Sometimes the break ...
[Review]
... 2002). We combined data from parallel-designed trials with those from cross-over trials in metaanalysis. We calculated the standard errors in parallel-designed trials from the mean differences between treatments and their confidence intervals. We have reported these data in the comparison tables. So ...
... 2002). We combined data from parallel-designed trials with those from cross-over trials in metaanalysis. We calculated the standard errors in parallel-designed trials from the mean differences between treatments and their confidence intervals. We have reported these data in the comparison tables. So ...
Representing the Hyphen in Action–Effect
... generation (as suggested by Kiesel & Hoffmann, 2004, and Kunde, 2003). The basic idea is that perceiving or anticipating an effect reactivates the previously experienced “action¡delay¡effect” episode in reverse order. During learning, an action is followed by a certain time delay, which is ultimatel ...
... generation (as suggested by Kiesel & Hoffmann, 2004, and Kunde, 2003). The basic idea is that perceiving or anticipating an effect reactivates the previously experienced “action¡delay¡effect” episode in reverse order. During learning, an action is followed by a certain time delay, which is ultimatel ...
For the price of a song:
... was simply reversed: a label would appear on screen and then its corresponding note would be played. Each training trial lasted two seconds (Table A1). Both the Feature-to-Label and the Label-to-Feature groups were shown the exact same sequence of notes and labels. The only difference between condit ...
... was simply reversed: a label would appear on screen and then its corresponding note would be played. Each training trial lasted two seconds (Table A1). Both the Feature-to-Label and the Label-to-Feature groups were shown the exact same sequence of notes and labels. The only difference between condit ...
The effects of cardiovascular stress on cognition
... The central role of cognition can be seen if we consider the importance of just three specific functions: attention, central control of response choice, or response inhibition, and short term memory. Attention is used to manage the enormous amount of information received at every moment. Attention d ...
... The central role of cognition can be seen if we consider the importance of just three specific functions: attention, central control of response choice, or response inhibition, and short term memory. Attention is used to manage the enormous amount of information received at every moment. Attention d ...
1 0892-3310/90 $3.00+.00 Pergamon Press plc. Printed in the USA.
... probability density of p under the alternative hypothesis H', and must be chosen by the user. In our situation, if prior to taking data we thought that all values of p ∈ [0,1] were equally likely under the alternative hypothesis, then φ would be identically 1. If, on the other hand, we initially tho ...
... probability density of p under the alternative hypothesis H', and must be chosen by the user. In our situation, if prior to taking data we thought that all values of p ∈ [0,1] were equally likely under the alternative hypothesis, then φ would be identically 1. If, on the other hand, we initially tho ...
Bayesian Analysis of Random Event Generator Data
... guarantees that the correct decision will ultimately prevail, regardless of one's prior opinions. However, much more data may have to be taken to convince some observers than others. And this is, of course, as it should be. Sometimes it is easier to think in terms of probabilities, rather than odds, ...
... guarantees that the correct decision will ultimately prevail, regardless of one's prior opinions. However, much more data may have to be taken to convince some observers than others. And this is, of course, as it should be. Sometimes it is easier to think in terms of probabilities, rather than odds, ...
How Human Analyse Lexical Indicators of Sentiments
... separately for each snippet. So, the participants can take as much time as needed before navigating to next snippet but they are not advised to do so. The number of snippets per participant is limited to 20 so that they will not get bored which otherwise will affect the RT adversely (Saul Sternberg, ...
... separately for each snippet. So, the participants can take as much time as needed before navigating to next snippet but they are not advised to do so. The number of snippets per participant is limited to 20 so that they will not get bored which otherwise will affect the RT adversely (Saul Sternberg, ...
Dextrose and Morrhuate Sodium Injections (Prolotherapy) for Knee
... met eligibility criteria and were enrolled. No statistically significant differences were found in baseline demographic and KOA severity variables, or time between the end of the RCT and the first prolotherapy session of the current study. The two groups were therefore pooled and analyzed as (1) one ...
... met eligibility criteria and were enrolled. No statistically significant differences were found in baseline demographic and KOA severity variables, or time between the end of the RCT and the first prolotherapy session of the current study. The two groups were therefore pooled and analyzed as (1) one ...
Opiate Addicts Lack Error-Dependent Activation of Rostral Anterior
... timepoint basis and subjected to the event-related GLM analysis (as above except ROIaveraged rather than voxel-based) from which predictor regression weights were derived. These ROI-averaged regression weights for each participant were entered into various analyses as either responses or effects (as ...
... timepoint basis and subjected to the event-related GLM analysis (as above except ROIaveraged rather than voxel-based) from which predictor regression weights were derived. These ROI-averaged regression weights for each participant were entered into various analyses as either responses or effects (as ...
Attitudes and Evaluation 1 Attitudes and Evaluation
... Attitudes and Evaluation 3 which it is related." Allport additionally suggested that the way to achieve dynamic, flexible attitudes that may include ambivalence, was by "reducing attitudes to small enough components." Following this line of thinking, by making representations of attitudes small eno ...
... Attitudes and Evaluation 3 which it is related." Allport additionally suggested that the way to achieve dynamic, flexible attitudes that may include ambivalence, was by "reducing attitudes to small enough components." Following this line of thinking, by making representations of attitudes small eno ...
Effective counterargumantation - Tuck
... familiarity of these claims, consumers may use this subjective feeling of familiarity to judge the claim as more truthful. Such a prediction is consistent with findings that even when a statement is explicitly identified as false at its initial presentation, the feeling of familiarity at subsequent ...
... familiarity of these claims, consumers may use this subjective feeling of familiarity to judge the claim as more truthful. Such a prediction is consistent with findings that even when a statement is explicitly identified as false at its initial presentation, the feeling of familiarity at subsequent ...
Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias, also called myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Biased search, interpretation and memory have been invoked to explain attitude polarization (when a disagreement becomes more extreme even though the different parties are exposed to the same evidence), belief perseverance (when beliefs persist after the evidence for them is shown to be false), the irrational primacy effect (a greater reliance on information encountered early in a series) and illusory correlation (when people falsely perceive an association between two events or situations).A series of experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs. Later work re-interpreted these results as a tendency to test ideas in a one-sided way, focusing on one possibility and ignoring alternatives. In certain situations, this tendency can bias people's conclusions. Explanations for the observed biases include wishful thinking and the limited human capacity to process information. Another explanation is that people show confirmation bias because they are weighing up the costs of being wrong, rather than investigating in a neutral, scientific way.Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in political and organizational contexts.