how character complexity primes racial stereotypes
... (Zillmann & Brosius, 2000). The connection between the involvement of media and the presence of exemplars looms large over the way media suck us in and adjust our attitudes. Busselle and Bilandzic (2008) introduced a model of narrative engagement that explains the importance of engagement in entert ...
... (Zillmann & Brosius, 2000). The connection between the involvement of media and the presence of exemplars looms large over the way media suck us in and adjust our attitudes. Busselle and Bilandzic (2008) introduced a model of narrative engagement that explains the importance of engagement in entert ...
Supporting Identity Development in Cross
... Children and young people with cross-cultural backgrounds are significantly influenced by multiple cultures during their upbringing. They face the ambivalence and challenges of regularly dealing with multiple cultural frames of reference, norms and expectations, and often experience particular ident ...
... Children and young people with cross-cultural backgrounds are significantly influenced by multiple cultures during their upbringing. They face the ambivalence and challenges of regularly dealing with multiple cultural frames of reference, norms and expectations, and often experience particular ident ...
PDF
... towards salient cues) and/or cognitive effort to suppress processing of them (‘avoidance ’ of salient cues) (de Ruiter & Brosschot, 1994). In contrast, the visual probe task enables a more fine-grained analysis of the direction of attentional bias, because it allows for the differentiation between atte ...
... towards salient cues) and/or cognitive effort to suppress processing of them (‘avoidance ’ of salient cues) (de Ruiter & Brosschot, 1994). In contrast, the visual probe task enables a more fine-grained analysis of the direction of attentional bias, because it allows for the differentiation between atte ...
prize based reinforcement to encourage
... negative punishment would be removing food from the rat after a lever press which would lead to a decrease in lever pressing because as a consequence, food has been removed. Understanding the concepts of reinforcement and punishment is important in behavior analysis because this is how much of behav ...
... negative punishment would be removing food from the rat after a lever press which would lead to a decrease in lever pressing because as a consequence, food has been removed. Understanding the concepts of reinforcement and punishment is important in behavior analysis because this is how much of behav ...
Children`s solutions of logical versus empirical problems: What`s
... empirical statements and solve simple problems with both types of statements. Specifically, we examine the relationship between children’s ability to map verbal descriptions onto states of affairs in the world, which is a cornerstone of semantic development, and their ability to evaluate these mappi ...
... empirical statements and solve simple problems with both types of statements. Specifically, we examine the relationship between children’s ability to map verbal descriptions onto states of affairs in the world, which is a cornerstone of semantic development, and their ability to evaluate these mappi ...
Building Teams through Experiential Activities
... You can also choose from any of the Sample Multi-Activity Programs. These Sample Programs are outcome based, designed to address specific challenges identified by an organization. If your organization is undergoing one of the personality assessment tools, we have paired activities that underscore th ...
... You can also choose from any of the Sample Multi-Activity Programs. These Sample Programs are outcome based, designed to address specific challenges identified by an organization. If your organization is undergoing one of the personality assessment tools, we have paired activities that underscore th ...
Psychological Science - Faculty Virginia
... Several studies have found that with practice, hand tools can become an extension of the body (Berti & Frassinetti, 2000; Maravita, Husain, Clarke, & Driver, 2001). Neurons that code for objects within reach will expand their receptive fields to include previously unreachable space that has been mad ...
... Several studies have found that with practice, hand tools can become an extension of the body (Berti & Frassinetti, 2000; Maravita, Husain, Clarke, & Driver, 2001). Neurons that code for objects within reach will expand their receptive fields to include previously unreachable space that has been mad ...
Community Integration Project for Ethnocultural Offenders
... funded by the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) and operated by the Immigrant Centre of Manitoba Inc (IC). The Project ran between October 2012 and March 2013. The Pilot Project can be considered a success, certainly from a feasibility study perspective. The Program and the associated research di ...
... funded by the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) and operated by the Immigrant Centre of Manitoba Inc (IC). The Project ran between October 2012 and March 2013. The Pilot Project can be considered a success, certainly from a feasibility study perspective. The Program and the associated research di ...
Methods for Conducting an Educational Needs Assessment
... or when testing is used to assess the needs of a group, it is common to collect data from the entire population. An advantage when measuring the whole population is that it is not necessary to use statistics to verify that the data is representative. For large populations, sampling is a practical al ...
... or when testing is used to assess the needs of a group, it is common to collect data from the entire population. An advantage when measuring the whole population is that it is not necessary to use statistics to verify that the data is representative. For large populations, sampling is a practical al ...
Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease
... and to improve CVD risk factors. It included a maximum of 30% of total calories from fat (with a maximum of 10% of total calories from saturated fat) and a minimum of 15% of total calories from protein (10). Participants were prescribed portion-controlled diets, which included the use of liquid meal ...
... and to improve CVD risk factors. It included a maximum of 30% of total calories from fat (with a maximum of 10% of total calories from saturated fat) and a minimum of 15% of total calories from protein (10). Participants were prescribed portion-controlled diets, which included the use of liquid meal ...
variables
... • The men sat in front of a series of switches and were told that if they pressed the switches then shocks were delivered in various strengths to students on the opposite side of the glass. • The switches were labelled with different strength intensities but they did not really give off shocks. • Th ...
... • The men sat in front of a series of switches and were told that if they pressed the switches then shocks were delivered in various strengths to students on the opposite side of the glass. • The switches were labelled with different strength intensities but they did not really give off shocks. • Th ...
Exposure to moral relativism compromises moral behavior
... relativism accepts that our moral beliefs are ultimately subjective, but does not hold the normative position that this subjectivity forces us to tolerate behaviors that we find morally disagreeable, nor that our own behavior should necessarily be impaired (Wong, 2006). And yet, is it possible that t ...
... relativism accepts that our moral beliefs are ultimately subjective, but does not hold the normative position that this subjectivity forces us to tolerate behaviors that we find morally disagreeable, nor that our own behavior should necessarily be impaired (Wong, 2006). And yet, is it possible that t ...
Understanding the Effect of Islamists` Online Persuasive
... In this study, the researcher aims to look at how people would react to Islamists’ online persuasive messages. This study is designed to measure the effects of two types of persuasive messages on people’s attitude changes and information seeking behavior. Participants were recruited from a diverse p ...
... In this study, the researcher aims to look at how people would react to Islamists’ online persuasive messages. This study is designed to measure the effects of two types of persuasive messages on people’s attitude changes and information seeking behavior. Participants were recruited from a diverse p ...
Measuring the value of social engagement in adults with and without
... or be able to cope with the scanning environment. This means that the generalisability of these results remain limited. A further limitation is that these studies do not distinguish between different social cues. Typical adults find direct gaze more rewarding than averted gaze [4] but those with ASC ...
... or be able to cope with the scanning environment. This means that the generalisability of these results remain limited. A further limitation is that these studies do not distinguish between different social cues. Typical adults find direct gaze more rewarding than averted gaze [4] but those with ASC ...
The Potential of Blind Collaborative Justice
... A 2009 report by the National Research Council (NRC) expressly recommended developing methods for improving the validity of forensic testimony. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of expert blinding and consensus feedback to improve the validity of expert testimony, specifically in ...
... A 2009 report by the National Research Council (NRC) expressly recommended developing methods for improving the validity of forensic testimony. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of expert blinding and consensus feedback to improve the validity of expert testimony, specifically in ...
Randomness increases self-reported anxiety and
... Several decades of research has demonstrated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a role in performance monitoring (Botvinick et al., 2001). Specifically, researchers have proposed that the ACC may be involved in monitoring the consistency between predictions and outcomes, and in driving b ...
... Several decades of research has demonstrated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a role in performance monitoring (Botvinick et al., 2001). Specifically, researchers have proposed that the ACC may be involved in monitoring the consistency between predictions and outcomes, and in driving b ...
Homework Six: Topic: Sampling Topic: Sampling Isabel Cabrera
... The population is the group in which the researchers are ultimately interested. 2. If a researcher studies every member of a population, what type of study is he or she conducting? The researcher is conducting a census when he/she studies every member of a population. 3. How can a researcher draw an ...
... The population is the group in which the researchers are ultimately interested. 2. If a researcher studies every member of a population, what type of study is he or she conducting? The researcher is conducting a census when he/she studies every member of a population. 3. How can a researcher draw an ...
Self-Generated Persuasion - psychology at Ohio State University
... (proattitudinal issue), they know that they do not have to work very hard at all to convince themselves since they already approve. Because they cannot be as certain that another person favors the issue, they work harder to generate arguments when another is the focus of persuasion rather than the s ...
... (proattitudinal issue), they know that they do not have to work very hard at all to convince themselves since they already approve. Because they cannot be as certain that another person favors the issue, they work harder to generate arguments when another is the focus of persuasion rather than the s ...
How Politicians Discount the Opinions of Constituents
... because of goal-oriented motivated reasoning (e.g., Kunda 1990). As Lodge and Taber (2013) explain in their description of this form of motivated reasoning, “Citizens are prone to accept those facts and arguments they agree with and discount or actively counterargue those that challenge their precon ...
... because of goal-oriented motivated reasoning (e.g., Kunda 1990). As Lodge and Taber (2013) explain in their description of this form of motivated reasoning, “Citizens are prone to accept those facts and arguments they agree with and discount or actively counterargue those that challenge their precon ...
Chapter 4
... who makes a claim, not on the opponent who questions the claim. For example, it makes no sense to claim that megadoses of vitamins can cure most illnesses and then try to support the claim by asking an opponent to prove that vitamins can't do this. Yet, in the proper context, people sometimes can pe ...
... who makes a claim, not on the opponent who questions the claim. For example, it makes no sense to claim that megadoses of vitamins can cure most illnesses and then try to support the claim by asking an opponent to prove that vitamins can't do this. Yet, in the proper context, people sometimes can pe ...
Individual Motivation - University of Northern Iowa
... Along with this study, Vegt and Vliert (1998) conducted a study that examined interdependence in work teams and how it affected individual’s motivation and performance. The researchers had participants fill out a survey that examined task and outcome interdependence of team members. Task interdepend ...
... Along with this study, Vegt and Vliert (1998) conducted a study that examined interdependence in work teams and how it affected individual’s motivation and performance. The researchers had participants fill out a survey that examined task and outcome interdependence of team members. Task interdepend ...
WHAT WE CHOOSE: ETHICS FOR UNITARIAN UNIVERSALISTS A
... writings, which stated that spiritual and moral authority ought to rest not with clergy and scripture but rather in the conscience of the individual. Share the story, "Emerson's Moral Dilemma." Then, invite participants to pose questions or offer insights about Emerson's dilemma. Share the material ...
... writings, which stated that spiritual and moral authority ought to rest not with clergy and scripture but rather in the conscience of the individual. Share the story, "Emerson's Moral Dilemma." Then, invite participants to pose questions or offer insights about Emerson's dilemma. Share the material ...
WHAT WE CHOOSE: ETHICS FOR UNITARIAN UNIVERSALISTS A
... Post blank newsprint. Invite participants to brainstorm guidelines for how to treat one another in the group. Suggest the guidelines be in the spirit of the congregational covenant, although they will likely be more specific. Write suggestions on newsprint. After three minutes of brainstorming, ask ...
... Post blank newsprint. Invite participants to brainstorm guidelines for how to treat one another in the group. Suggest the guidelines be in the spirit of the congregational covenant, although they will likely be more specific. Write suggestions on newsprint. After three minutes of brainstorming, ask ...
The Effects of Nonverbal Reinforcement on Questionnaire Responses
... with a set of 30 inkblot cards made by Wilkes and asked about them. For the first 15 cards the experimenter did not make any responses. However, for the last 15 in each experimental group movement responses were reinforced. In the first group with verbal communication the examiner made a comment aft ...
... with a set of 30 inkblot cards made by Wilkes and asked about them. For the first 15 cards the experimenter did not make any responses. However, for the last 15 in each experimental group movement responses were reinforced. In the first group with verbal communication the examiner made a comment aft ...
Implicit Bias, Context, and Character
... al., 2000, 2004). Philosophers writing on implicit bias have focused on this fact, and for good reason. 10 The idea that implicit biases can persist and influence the behavior of individuals who disavow them raises important ethical questions (not to mention metaphysical and epistemological question ...
... al., 2000, 2004). Philosophers writing on implicit bias have focused on this fact, and for good reason. 10 The idea that implicit biases can persist and influence the behavior of individuals who disavow them raises important ethical questions (not to mention metaphysical and epistemological question ...
Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias, also called myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Biased search, interpretation and memory have been invoked to explain attitude polarization (when a disagreement becomes more extreme even though the different parties are exposed to the same evidence), belief perseverance (when beliefs persist after the evidence for them is shown to be false), the irrational primacy effect (a greater reliance on information encountered early in a series) and illusory correlation (when people falsely perceive an association between two events or situations).A series of experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs. Later work re-interpreted these results as a tendency to test ideas in a one-sided way, focusing on one possibility and ignoring alternatives. In certain situations, this tendency can bias people's conclusions. Explanations for the observed biases include wishful thinking and the limited human capacity to process information. Another explanation is that people show confirmation bias because they are weighing up the costs of being wrong, rather than investigating in a neutral, scientific way.Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in political and organizational contexts.