1 PROCESSING POLITICAL MISINFORMATION Running head
... incorrect information arising from a Democratic politician’s statement is retracted, Democrats— and particularly those who support the politician—may resist the correction more than their Republican counterparts who have a vested interest in the political figure being incorrect. At worst, a potentia ...
... incorrect information arising from a Democratic politician’s statement is retracted, Democrats— and particularly those who support the politician—may resist the correction more than their Republican counterparts who have a vested interest in the political figure being incorrect. At worst, a potentia ...
Who owns implicit attitudes Running Head: WHO OWNS IMPLICIT
... as agents and our minds as passive receivers. The feeling of foreignness is highlighted by research on implicit attitudes, which finds that automatic evaluations often differ from explicitly endorsed beliefs. In such cases, research participants often describe their scores on implicit tests not as r ...
... as agents and our minds as passive receivers. The feeling of foreignness is highlighted by research on implicit attitudes, which finds that automatic evaluations often differ from explicitly endorsed beliefs. In such cases, research participants often describe their scores on implicit tests not as r ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
... Additionally, Drueke et al. [16] found evidence that feedback positively influenced performance in an executive function task in younger but not necessarily in older adults. Performance feedback means to inform a person about how his behavior is perceived, realized and experienced by another person. ...
... Additionally, Drueke et al. [16] found evidence that feedback positively influenced performance in an executive function task in younger but not necessarily in older adults. Performance feedback means to inform a person about how his behavior is perceived, realized and experienced by another person. ...
Cross modality matching of brightness and loudness
... visual components of objects or animals were displayed simultaneously, the pSTS/MTG gave a stronger response than when incongruent pairings were displayed (Beauchamp et. al., 2004). The cortical response patterns of this task are significant because this type of stimuli correlate well with authentic ...
... visual components of objects or animals were displayed simultaneously, the pSTS/MTG gave a stronger response than when incongruent pairings were displayed (Beauchamp et. al., 2004). The cortical response patterns of this task are significant because this type of stimuli correlate well with authentic ...
Role of Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices in Associative - ACT-R
... 3. In the prefrontal region, only during the period of test, there will be a stronger response in the delay condition than the immediate condition. This is because of the greater retrieval times in the delay condition. 4. In the parietal region, there should be no difference between the immediate an ...
... 3. In the prefrontal region, only during the period of test, there will be a stronger response in the delay condition than the immediate condition. This is because of the greater retrieval times in the delay condition. 4. In the parietal region, there should be no difference between the immediate an ...
Beliefs about Voices - Cambridge University Press
... Since the sample was not large and attrition occurred, steps were taken to include all participants in the analyses. This was accomplished by using two approaches to data analysis. Since the main interest of this project was to examine change over time, only those individuals who remained in the stu ...
... Since the sample was not large and attrition occurred, steps were taken to include all participants in the analyses. This was accomplished by using two approaches to data analysis. Since the main interest of this project was to examine change over time, only those individuals who remained in the stu ...
The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Enhances Information Sharing
... When groups received oxytocin this resulted in increased exchange and processing of new information. This finding is important because carefully processing and integrating of new information is essential for reaching high quality decisions2,4,5,8,30,31. Results of our study points in the same direct ...
... When groups received oxytocin this resulted in increased exchange and processing of new information. This finding is important because carefully processing and integrating of new information is essential for reaching high quality decisions2,4,5,8,30,31. Results of our study points in the same direct ...
Brunette et al. THEOD 2014
... Decision context (Alone vs. Group). In the Alone condition, the participants had to make 10 sequential choices, as explained above. This was a typical MPL task. In the Group condition, we randomly created three-person groups. We used a computerized procedure similar to that of Masclet et al. (2009) ...
... Decision context (Alone vs. Group). In the Alone condition, the participants had to make 10 sequential choices, as explained above. This was a typical MPL task. In the Group condition, we randomly created three-person groups. We used a computerized procedure similar to that of Masclet et al. (2009) ...
Enabling safe leisure activity participation for young hearing aid
... hearing loss diagnosed prior to adulthood, and being within the defined target age group (11 – 35 years). As noted, participants were assumed to have hearing impairment (HI) on the basis that hearing aids (and/or cochlear implants) had been fitted to ameliorate the effects of the early hearing loss. ...
... hearing loss diagnosed prior to adulthood, and being within the defined target age group (11 – 35 years). As noted, participants were assumed to have hearing impairment (HI) on the basis that hearing aids (and/or cochlear implants) had been fitted to ameliorate the effects of the early hearing loss. ...
Second-order conditioning of human causal learning
... connection between causes (CS) and eVects (US), independently of any CR elicitation that could also be inXuenced by other factors, such as context, memory, and emotion. The second and more important objective was to evaluate the associative structure of SOC in causal learning tasks by the subsequent ...
... connection between causes (CS) and eVects (US), independently of any CR elicitation that could also be inXuenced by other factors, such as context, memory, and emotion. The second and more important objective was to evaluate the associative structure of SOC in causal learning tasks by the subsequent ...
The precision of value-based choices depends causally on
... on the participants’ ratings to provide one of four different levels of evidence informing the perceptual or value-based choice (Methods). Perceptual evidence was defined as the absolute size difference between the stimuli, whereas value evidence reflected each pair’s absolute value difference (in bot ...
... on the participants’ ratings to provide one of four different levels of evidence informing the perceptual or value-based choice (Methods). Perceptual evidence was defined as the absolute size difference between the stimuli, whereas value evidence reflected each pair’s absolute value difference (in bot ...
Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward High
... However, our results showed that obese people found it easier to respond with the same key to the combination of high-fat food words and negative words as compared with the reverse combination. These results suggest an implicit negative attitude toward high-fat foods. The same was true for normal-we ...
... However, our results showed that obese people found it easier to respond with the same key to the combination of high-fat food words and negative words as compared with the reverse combination. These results suggest an implicit negative attitude toward high-fat foods. The same was true for normal-we ...
Emotional modulation 1 Running head
... Emotional states could have non-selective effects on cognitive control. Attentional or cognitive resource models predict that emotional states of whatever type take up resources that are then no longer available for controlled cognition (e.g., Ellis & Ashbrook, 1988). Many results broadly consistent ...
... Emotional states could have non-selective effects on cognitive control. Attentional or cognitive resource models predict that emotional states of whatever type take up resources that are then no longer available for controlled cognition (e.g., Ellis & Ashbrook, 1988). Many results broadly consistent ...
In-Group Attachment and Glorification
... of the questionnaire, their responses to the ‘attachment’ (e.g., “Being an Italian is an important part of my identity”) and ‘glorification’ (e.g., “Italians are better than people from other countries in all respects”) scales developed by Roccas et al. (2006), as adapted for the current target in-g ...
... of the questionnaire, their responses to the ‘attachment’ (e.g., “Being an Italian is an important part of my identity”) and ‘glorification’ (e.g., “Italians are better than people from other countries in all respects”) scales developed by Roccas et al. (2006), as adapted for the current target in-g ...
High second-language proficiency protects against the effects of reverberation on listening comprehension
... 13 minutes to 15.5 minutes in length. The standard administration procedure for the National Tests of English was used, with the exception that the sound was presented over headphones instead of using a loudspeaker. In response to each test, the participants answered a set of questions. The comprehe ...
... 13 minutes to 15.5 minutes in length. The standard administration procedure for the National Tests of English was used, with the exception that the sound was presented over headphones instead of using a loudspeaker. In response to each test, the participants answered a set of questions. The comprehe ...
Automatic Analysis of Multimodal Group Actions in
... These coding systems are used to measure how individuals interact in a group, as well as how the group acts as a whole. Such group behaviours have direct relevance to potential applications, such as a meeting browser. To illustrate, Bales [12] gives a specific example of how the IPA categories could ...
... These coding systems are used to measure how individuals interact in a group, as well as how the group acts as a whole. Such group behaviours have direct relevance to potential applications, such as a meeting browser. To illustrate, Bales [12] gives a specific example of how the IPA categories could ...
Prefrontal cortex damage abolishes brand-cued
... and we do not have any a priori hypothesis about the laterality of brain areas important for brand preference, we include both unilateral and bilateral VMPC lesions in our target group. The chemical senses (smell, taste) can be affected by VMPC damage, so it was important to rule out a basic confoun ...
... and we do not have any a priori hypothesis about the laterality of brain areas important for brand preference, we include both unilateral and bilateral VMPC lesions in our target group. The chemical senses (smell, taste) can be affected by VMPC damage, so it was important to rule out a basic confoun ...
NIH Public Access - Rutgers University Department of Psychology
... acquired throughout the task. Based on analysis and results from Delgado et al. (2004), where behavioral and imaging data suggested that participants were more engaged in the task during periods of high incentive than periods of low incentive, SCRs acquired at the onset of the trial (initial questio ...
... acquired throughout the task. Based on analysis and results from Delgado et al. (2004), where behavioral and imaging data suggested that participants were more engaged in the task during periods of high incentive than periods of low incentive, SCRs acquired at the onset of the trial (initial questio ...
Rapid induction of false memory for pictures
... While this paradigm has generated a lot of research (see Gallo, 2006), it has often been criticised for its lack of ecological validity, and some authors have pointed out the dangers of extending conclusions from research with such derived stimuli to controversial real-world situations such as recov ...
... While this paradigm has generated a lot of research (see Gallo, 2006), it has often been criticised for its lack of ecological validity, and some authors have pointed out the dangers of extending conclusions from research with such derived stimuli to controversial real-world situations such as recov ...
a full bladder is sometimes a boon
... between a smaller reward which they would receive sooner (always tomorrow; hereafter referred to as the SS option) or a larger reward which they would receive later in time (X days from now; the LL option). A typical choice would be between receiving $16 tomorrow or $30 in 35 days. A manipulation ch ...
... between a smaller reward which they would receive sooner (always tomorrow; hereafter referred to as the SS option) or a larger reward which they would receive later in time (X days from now; the LL option). A typical choice would be between receiving $16 tomorrow or $30 in 35 days. A manipulation ch ...
Module Title Here
... training types of questions. First the participants do an activity to learn something new or refresh past learning. Then they analyze the experience, and finally they apply the experience and learning to their own work and life situations. Missing the last part of the process could prevent the parti ...
... training types of questions. First the participants do an activity to learn something new or refresh past learning. Then they analyze the experience, and finally they apply the experience and learning to their own work and life situations. Missing the last part of the process could prevent the parti ...
The value of advice in a retirement plan
... recommendations offered automatically online, as well as through an advisor on plan investment options, can help many participants overcome one of the most common reasons for not saving at all: hesitancy with making the right decisions on their own. This may be the primary reason for offering invest ...
... recommendations offered automatically online, as well as through an advisor on plan investment options, can help many participants overcome one of the most common reasons for not saving at all: hesitancy with making the right decisions on their own. This may be the primary reason for offering invest ...
ABS 200 UOP Courses
... critical thinking to determine whether an internal or external locus of control is more effective in various life situations. The three major elements to critical thinking are logical inquiry, problem solving, and evaluative decision making. ...
... critical thinking to determine whether an internal or external locus of control is more effective in various life situations. The three major elements to critical thinking are logical inquiry, problem solving, and evaluative decision making. ...
The Fruit of the Tree of Life.
... findings about translation are discussed, further sensitising us to cross-cultural treatment. Method: Multiple methods have been employed: Qualitative interview of seven informants, two Tree of Life workshops have been attended and observed and a focus group has been held with some of the facilitato ...
... findings about translation are discussed, further sensitising us to cross-cultural treatment. Method: Multiple methods have been employed: Qualitative interview of seven informants, two Tree of Life workshops have been attended and observed and a focus group has been held with some of the facilitato ...
Evaluative versus Conceptual Judgments in Automatic Stereotyping
... The goal of the study reported in this article was to examine whether automatic processes in stereotype and prejudice activation are sensitive to task characteristics of the assessment procedure and whether these influences may account for existing inconsistencies that have recently been reported in ...
... The goal of the study reported in this article was to examine whether automatic processes in stereotype and prejudice activation are sensitive to task characteristics of the assessment procedure and whether these influences may account for existing inconsistencies that have recently been reported in ...
Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias, also called myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Biased search, interpretation and memory have been invoked to explain attitude polarization (when a disagreement becomes more extreme even though the different parties are exposed to the same evidence), belief perseverance (when beliefs persist after the evidence for them is shown to be false), the irrational primacy effect (a greater reliance on information encountered early in a series) and illusory correlation (when people falsely perceive an association between two events or situations).A series of experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs. Later work re-interpreted these results as a tendency to test ideas in a one-sided way, focusing on one possibility and ignoring alternatives. In certain situations, this tendency can bias people's conclusions. Explanations for the observed biases include wishful thinking and the limited human capacity to process information. Another explanation is that people show confirmation bias because they are weighing up the costs of being wrong, rather than investigating in a neutral, scientific way.Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in political and organizational contexts.