Autophagy at the crossroads of catabolism and anabolism
... specific cargoes such as mitochondria, peroxisomes and ribosomes, and protein aggregates. Selective autophagy is mediated by autophagy cargo receptors that bind cargo earmarked with degradation signals, most commonly ubiquitin in mammals, through their ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD). These receptors ...
... specific cargoes such as mitochondria, peroxisomes and ribosomes, and protein aggregates. Selective autophagy is mediated by autophagy cargo receptors that bind cargo earmarked with degradation signals, most commonly ubiquitin in mammals, through their ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD). These receptors ...
Free Full Text ( Final Version , 5mb ) - EUR RePub
... characterized by positively charged amino acid residues. Association with the CD3 8 subunit of the TCR complex is also mediated by this region. This assembly masks the retention/degradation signal and allows further complex formation and exit out of the ER. Other examples of proteins that might have ...
... characterized by positively charged amino acid residues. Association with the CD3 8 subunit of the TCR complex is also mediated by this region. This assembly masks the retention/degradation signal and allows further complex formation and exit out of the ER. Other examples of proteins that might have ...
Detecting Peptidases and Proteases
... (A22121), which contains containing the caspase-3 recognition site Asp-Glu-Val-Asp (DEVD), undergoes an ~65 nm red-shift to exhibit a peak emission of ~500 nm upon cleavage. The Z-DEVD-R110 substrate, a component of our EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay Kit #2 (E13184) and RediPlate 96 EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay ...
... (A22121), which contains containing the caspase-3 recognition site Asp-Glu-Val-Asp (DEVD), undergoes an ~65 nm red-shift to exhibit a peak emission of ~500 nm upon cleavage. The Z-DEVD-R110 substrate, a component of our EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay Kit #2 (E13184) and RediPlate 96 EnzChek Caspase-3 Assay ...
You can answer the question Yourself with a few
... That’s because whey protein isolates are the purest forms of protein you can get, with some being more than 90% protein. And hydrolyzed whey protein isolate means that the highquality whey has been predigested into smaller protein fragments for even faster digestion than regular whey isolate. Whey p ...
... That’s because whey protein isolates are the purest forms of protein you can get, with some being more than 90% protein. And hydrolyzed whey protein isolate means that the highquality whey has been predigested into smaller protein fragments for even faster digestion than regular whey isolate. Whey p ...
Building and Breaking Bridges between Sister Chromatids
... same pole, known as syntelic attachment. (B) The cohesin cycle. Cohesin complexes are loaded onto chromosomes before the onset of DNA replication, varying in timing from telophase of the previous cell cycle (vertebrates) to late G1 phase (yeast). An Scc2/Scc4 protein complex is required for cohesin' ...
... same pole, known as syntelic attachment. (B) The cohesin cycle. Cohesin complexes are loaded onto chromosomes before the onset of DNA replication, varying in timing from telophase of the previous cell cycle (vertebrates) to late G1 phase (yeast). An Scc2/Scc4 protein complex is required for cohesin' ...
MDM2 inhibit p300-mediated p53 acetylation and activation by
... p300, once complexed to MDM2 , may not be able to target the p53 Lys residues. ...
... p300, once complexed to MDM2 , may not be able to target the p53 Lys residues. ...
Specific Interaction of the PDZ Domain Protein PICK1 with the
... (10 –14). This domain binds to proteins containing the tripeptide motif (S/T)XV (X 5 any amino acid) at their COOH termini (10, 11, 15–22). PDZ domain-containing proteins have been shown to mediate protein-protein interactions during receptor and ion channel clustering and to recruit kinases and pho ...
... (10 –14). This domain binds to proteins containing the tripeptide motif (S/T)XV (X 5 any amino acid) at their COOH termini (10, 11, 15–22). PDZ domain-containing proteins have been shown to mediate protein-protein interactions during receptor and ion channel clustering and to recruit kinases and pho ...
University of Groningen Cross-linking of dimeric CitS and GltS
... The two domains would fold upon each other as the two halves of a clam shell with the central cytoplasmic loop forming the hinge at the closed side and the Nand C-termini at the open side. It is believed that the two pore loops form the translocation pore and that translocation proceeds through an a ...
... The two domains would fold upon each other as the two halves of a clam shell with the central cytoplasmic loop forming the hinge at the closed side and the Nand C-termini at the open side. It is believed that the two pore loops form the translocation pore and that translocation proceeds through an a ...
The anaphase promoting complex/ cyclosome: a
... How are substrates recognized by APC/C? It has long been suspected that the essential role of co-activator proteins in APC/C activation might be to recruit substrates to APC/C, analogously to the role of adaptor proteins in SCF complexes. This view was supported by the observations that Cdc20 and Cd ...
... How are substrates recognized by APC/C? It has long been suspected that the essential role of co-activator proteins in APC/C activation might be to recruit substrates to APC/C, analogously to the role of adaptor proteins in SCF complexes. This view was supported by the observations that Cdc20 and Cd ...
A Patch of Surface-Exposed Residues Mediates
... PtiI and Pti4 are substrates of Pto in vitro (Gu et al., 2000), although it is unknown whether these proteins interact with Pto in vivo. Protein kinases are frequent points of control in diverse signaling pathways, and their structure and enzymology are well understood (Huse and Kuriyan, 2002). Ther ...
... PtiI and Pti4 are substrates of Pto in vitro (Gu et al., 2000), although it is unknown whether these proteins interact with Pto in vivo. Protein kinases are frequent points of control in diverse signaling pathways, and their structure and enzymology are well understood (Huse and Kuriyan, 2002). Ther ...
Manipulation of Epitope Function by Modification of Peptide
... specific murine hybridoma T cell line [38.H6], lymph node cells from the native 20-mer peptide primed ...
... specific murine hybridoma T cell line [38.H6], lymph node cells from the native 20-mer peptide primed ...
Site-selective incorporation and ligation of
... the N-terminal aspartate residue (generating a ketone) under mild conditions ( pH 6.5 PB, 18 hours, 37 °C). The N-terminal ketone generated from this biomimetic transformation can then be site-selectively modified further. PLP-mediated transamination was successfully demonstrated on a number of prot ...
... the N-terminal aspartate residue (generating a ketone) under mild conditions ( pH 6.5 PB, 18 hours, 37 °C). The N-terminal ketone generated from this biomimetic transformation can then be site-selectively modified further. PLP-mediated transamination was successfully demonstrated on a number of prot ...
Homologous and heterologous reconstitution of Golgi to chloroplast
... continuous with the nuclear envelope indicating that it is a portion of the ER. In other organisms with four plastid membranes such as the apicomplexans, the outermost membrane is free of ribosomes and not connected to the ER. Cytoplasmically synthesized proteins targeted to four envelope membrane c ...
... continuous with the nuclear envelope indicating that it is a portion of the ER. In other organisms with four plastid membranes such as the apicomplexans, the outermost membrane is free of ribosomes and not connected to the ER. Cytoplasmically synthesized proteins targeted to four envelope membrane c ...
Homologous and heterologous reconstitution of Golgi to chloroplast
... continuous with the nuclear envelope indicating that it is a portion of the ER. In other organisms with four plastid membranes such as the apicomplexans, the outermost membrane is free of ribosomes and not connected to the ER. Cytoplasmically synthesized proteins targeted to four envelope membrane c ...
... continuous with the nuclear envelope indicating that it is a portion of the ER. In other organisms with four plastid membranes such as the apicomplexans, the outermost membrane is free of ribosomes and not connected to the ER. Cytoplasmically synthesized proteins targeted to four envelope membrane c ...
12 Autophagy as a defence against intracellular pathogens
... by autophagy is linked to the exposure of DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). DAMPs are cell-derived molecules that generate ‘danger’ signals when they are displaced following cell stress or damage. Damage signals can be generated when ...
... by autophagy is linked to the exposure of DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). DAMPs are cell-derived molecules that generate ‘danger’ signals when they are displaced following cell stress or damage. Damage signals can be generated when ...
Design considerations for highly specific and efficient
... a reporter cell line in which knockout of proteasome function results in fluorescence of a ubiquitin-EGFP fusion protein that is normally degraded by the proteasome pathway. We evaluated the functionality of > 1100 crRNA sequences in this system; using these data, we developed and trained an algorit ...
... a reporter cell line in which knockout of proteasome function results in fluorescence of a ubiquitin-EGFP fusion protein that is normally degraded by the proteasome pathway. We evaluated the functionality of > 1100 crRNA sequences in this system; using these data, we developed and trained an algorit ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... plant species that collectively incite billions of dollars in annual crop losses around the world. While both nematode groups use very similar parasitic strategies to complete their life cycles (Figure 1), they employ different mechanisms to carry out their strategies. In each group, the motile juve ...
... plant species that collectively incite billions of dollars in annual crop losses around the world. While both nematode groups use very similar parasitic strategies to complete their life cycles (Figure 1), they employ different mechanisms to carry out their strategies. In each group, the motile juve ...
RNA helicase DDX19 stabilizes ribosomal elongation and
... by DDX19 in humans (18). Several studies provided evidence that Dbp5 and its homologous protein from Chironomus tentans participate in transcription (6). These studies were confirmed recently when DDX19 was shown to be required for nuclear import of MKL1, coactivator of the serum response factor (19 ...
... by DDX19 in humans (18). Several studies provided evidence that Dbp5 and its homologous protein from Chironomus tentans participate in transcription (6). These studies were confirmed recently when DDX19 was shown to be required for nuclear import of MKL1, coactivator of the serum response factor (19 ...
High-Molecular-Weight Forms of Tyrosinase and the
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
... Lectins are oligomeric carbohydrate-binding proteins that are involved in various biological recognition processes (Ghosh & Mandal, 2012). They are a large and diverse group of proteins that have the ability to bind reversibly to monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, which can be defined as a class ...
Structural Mechanisms for Regulation of Membrane
... illustrate the remarkable degree to which Rab GEFs have evolved not only to recognize different Rab substrates but also to facilitate nucleotide exchange through largely unrelated structural mechanisms. The 17 kDa protein Mss4 and its yeast ortholog Dss4 were among the first Rab GEFs identified (62, ...
... illustrate the remarkable degree to which Rab GEFs have evolved not only to recognize different Rab substrates but also to facilitate nucleotide exchange through largely unrelated structural mechanisms. The 17 kDa protein Mss4 and its yeast ortholog Dss4 were among the first Rab GEFs identified (62, ...
Recombinant Cellulase and Cellulosome Systems
... types of cellulases. Endoglucanases (EGLs) cleave amorphous cellulose randomly at endo sites to release cellodextrins of various lengths. Cellobiohydrolases (CBHs), on the other hand, are required for the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose, and release cellobiose by acting at the reducing and non-r ...
... types of cellulases. Endoglucanases (EGLs) cleave amorphous cellulose randomly at endo sites to release cellodextrins of various lengths. Cellobiohydrolases (CBHs), on the other hand, are required for the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose, and release cellobiose by acting at the reducing and non-r ...
Characterization of the Cytosolic Proteins Involved in the Amoeboid
... Two of the proteins had reciprocal effects on fiber growth: p38 increased fiber growth rate and p16 decreased fiber growth rate. The effects of both p38 and p16 were concentration-dependent and antagonistic. Since the rate-enhancement by p38 was not potentiated by MSP, another cytosolic protein is i ...
... Two of the proteins had reciprocal effects on fiber growth: p38 increased fiber growth rate and p16 decreased fiber growth rate. The effects of both p38 and p16 were concentration-dependent and antagonistic. Since the rate-enhancement by p38 was not potentiated by MSP, another cytosolic protein is i ...
Screening for increased protein thiol oxidation in oxidatively
... variety of antioxidant systems to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from a variety of sources. Disruption of this oxidative balance, often referred to as oxidative stress, is evident in many chronic disease states including muscle wasting conditions and may contribute to the pathology [ ...
... variety of antioxidant systems to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from a variety of sources. Disruption of this oxidative balance, often referred to as oxidative stress, is evident in many chronic disease states including muscle wasting conditions and may contribute to the pathology [ ...
Comparison of the activities of protein disulphide
... Assay of PDI activity The assay of PDI activity followed the procedure of Lambert & Freedman (1983b), in which the re-activation of SRNAase by PDI is monitored by a spectrophotometric assay of RNAase activity. The two-stage assay involves first a PDI incubation with SRNAase, from which samples are w ...
... Assay of PDI activity The assay of PDI activity followed the procedure of Lambert & Freedman (1983b), in which the re-activation of SRNAase by PDI is monitored by a spectrophotometric assay of RNAase activity. The two-stage assay involves first a PDI incubation with SRNAase, from which samples are w ...
Proteasome
Proteasomes are protein complexes inside all eukaryotes and archaea, and in some bacteria. The main function of the proteasome is to degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds.