Download I. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes - Phoenix Union High School District

Name ________________
Date __________ Pd ____
World History
THE RISE OF TOTALITARIAN REGIMES
I. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes
 As world-wide economic _______________ got worse, peoples’ lives got worse & grew _____________
 Desperate for change, people turned to new leaders who offered ______________ solutions to
____________ problems
 Totalitarian Regime—______________ form of government that controls _____ aspects of peoples’ lives
 Dictators came to power by using ________________—idea that promises return to __________ for the
nation, strong leadership from _______ leader, commitment of loyalty to government by citizens
 Fascists promote extreme __________________, people can keep ____________ property, religion used
as a tool to promote government ideas
 Fascists hate democracy & ____________ (no classes in society, ________________ controls all
property, desire to spread ideas to other nations) but have some things in common with communists:
 1 strong ______________ rules
 Censorship, propaganda, & __________________ force used to control people
A. Benito Mussolini in Italy
 Poor economic conditions and anger of “_____________” of Versailles Treaty led to rise of Benito
Mussolini
 Socialist & journalist prior to WWI, but became militant nationalist. Formed political party in 1919
called ______________
 Rise to power:
 Became popular by supporting workers & peasants & stopped _____________ revolution in Italy
 Created ___________________ (secret police force) to enforce goals of Fascists & led a
_______________________ in 1922
 King Victor Emmanuel was intimidated by Mussolini & named him _______________________
 As dictator, Mussolini consolidated power by ending democratic rule, strengthened ______________,
spread patriotism & nationalism
 Earned nickname Il Duce—“The ______________”
B. Adolf Hitler in Germany
 One of many groups challenging Weimar Republic was fascist group called National Socialist
Workers’ Party (___________); Hitler was an early recruit
 Formed _____________________ (secret police) to enforce ideas
 Jailed in 1923 for trying to overthrow Weimar government; wrote __________________ in prison:
 Blamed __________ for problems
 Saw himself as leader (_______________) of master Aryan race
 Lebenstraum—need to spread out & gain ______________________ for Germans
 Rise to power:
 Reorganized NAZI party after release from jail & made __________________ promoting NAZI
party; ran NAZIs in elections but __________ won majority vote
 Hitler was feared by Weimar Republic, thought they could satisfy Hitler by naming him
__________________ in 1933
 As dictator, Hitler removed political opponents:
 Started fire in Reichstag government building & blamed on ____________________
 In 1934, Night of Long Knives—Hitler had hundreds of his own secret police ______________
 Called government Third Reich—restore German army & ___________

Attacks on Jews:
 Hitler used _____________________ (hatred & hostility towards Jews) & blamed __________
for all of Germany’s problems
 In 1935, Hitler passed ________________ Laws stripped Jews of German citizenship; all Jews
were required to wear __________________ of David as identification
 Nov 9-10, 1938 _________________ (Night of Broken Glass) destroyed Jewish
____________________ & businesses, created concentration camps & ghettos for prisoners
 Final Solution (_______________)—Hitler began plan to eliminate Germany of all ___________
(Jews, Slavs, homosexuals, political opponents)
 ________________ Jews were murdered in firing squads & gas chambers throughout Europe by
special killing units called the _______
C. Hideki Tojo in Japan
 Japan felt the West did not accept it as an ______________ even though its population & industry
boomed in 1920s
 Dreamed of large __________________ to expand with lots of natural resources—1931 invaded
Manchuria, 1937 invaded China
 Militarism grew—Emperor Hirohito relied on ___________________ to reorganized military.
Emperor Hirohito of Japan ruled throughout the war
 General Hideki Tojo held _________________ power from October 1941 to July 1944
II.
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Totalitarian Aggression
Japan: 1931—invaded _______________ & northern ________; 1940—invaded Indochina & East Indies
Italy: 1936—occupied ________________; 1941—invaded Egypt & Greece
Germany: 1938—annex Austria & Czechoslovakia, 1939—invade _____________
USSR: 1941— occupied ____________________, Latvia, & Estonia
III. Alliance Formed
 Axis Coalition formed—treaties between ________________________________ (1936 to 1940) to offer
mutual protection & support if ever involved in war
Communism
Definition
Fascism
Definition
Nazism
Definition