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Name _______________________ Period__________ Practice Choose the one answer that best answers the question by circling your response. 1 Enzymes accelerate reactions by ___ the activation energy needed for the reaction. A) Stopping B) Raising C) Lowering D) Binding 2 The values for environmental factors at which an enzyme functions best is called the. A) paradigm of maximum effectiveness B) optimal conditions C) comfortable conditions D) efficient conditions 5 What happens to an enzyme when it denatures? A) The activation energy of the reaction is doubled. B) The activation energy of the reaction is lowered. C) The shape of the enzyme molecule is changed. 6 Most enzymes are composed of... A) Lipids B) carbohydrates C) Proteins D) phosphates 7-Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a toxic by-product of cellular metabolism in aerobic organisms. The reaction below occurs within the cells to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. In this reaction, catalase functions as an a) b) c) d) enzyme in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide enzyme in the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide emulsifier in the digestion of hydrogen peroxide indicator in the detection of hydrogen peroxide 8-What does the process of photosynthesis produce? a. starch, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis b. protein, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis c. glycerol, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis d. glucose, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis 9-Which process provides most of the oxygen found in Earth's atmosphere? a. b. c. d. photosynthesis aerobic respiration dehydration synthesis fermentation 10-In humans, which substance is produced anaerobically during strenuous activity? a. b. c. d. lactic acid glycogen carbon dioxide alcohol 11-A compound that is synthesized by both humans and geranium plants is a. b. c. d. cellulose ATP ethyl alcohol chlorophyll 12-In the oxidation of glucose to water and carbon dioxide, enzymes are needed to catalyze the a. b. c. d. combination of glucose molecules release of energy by hydrogen removal storage of energy in glycogen molecules production of lactic acid 13-In living plants, when does respiration occur? a. b. c. d. only during digestion only in the daytime only in total darkness all the time 14-In the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll serves as a. b. c. d. an end-product a raw material an energy converter a hydrogen acceptor 15-Which color light is least important to a green plant during photosynthetic activities? a. b. c. d. green yellow blue orange 16-In living plants, when does respiration occur? a. b. c. d. only in the daytime only in total darkness all the time only during digestion 17-Through the use of oxygen-18 (heavy oxygen), scientists have found that the oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from molecules of a. b. c. d. carbon dioxide water glucose chlorophyll Biology Photosynthesis 1. The organic molecule produced directly by photosynthesis is: a) lipids; b) sugar; c) amino acids; d) DNA 2. The photosynthetic process removes ___ from the environment. a) water; b) sugar; c) oxygen; d) chlorophyll; e) carbon dioxide 3. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through ____. a) chloroplasts; b) stomata: c) cuticle; d) mesophyll cells; e) leaf veins 4. The cellular transport process by which carbon dioxide enters a leaf (and by which water vapor and oxygen exit) is ___. a) osmosis; b) active transport; c. co- transport; d) diffusion; e) bulk flow 5. The process by which most of the world's autotrophs make their food is known as ____. a) glycolysis; b) photosynthesis; c) chemosynthesis; d) herbivory; e) C-4 cycle 6. Generally speaking, the longer the wavelenght of light, the ___ the available energy of that light. a) smaller; b) greater; c) same 7. The section of the electromagnetic spectrum used for photosynthesis is ___. a) infrared; b) ultraviolet; c) x-ray; d) visible light; e) none of the above 8. The colors of light in the visible range (from longest wavelength to shortest) is ___. a) ROYGBIV; b) VIBGYOR; c) GRBIYV; d) ROYROGERS; e) EBGDF 9. The photosynthetic pigment that is essential for the process to occur is ___. a) chlorophyll a; b) chlorophyll b; c) beta carotene; d) xanthocyanin; e) fucoxanthin 10. When a pigment reflects red light, _____. a) all colors of light are absorbed; b) all col;ors of light are reflected; c) green light is reflected, all others are absorbed; d) red light is reflected, all others are absorbed; e) red light is absorbed after it is reflected into the internal pigment molecules. 11. Chlorophyll a absorbs light energy in the ____color range. a) yellowgreen; b) red-organge; c) blue violet; d) a and b; e) b and c. 12. The individual flattened stacks of membrane material inside the chloroplast are known as ___. a) grana; b) stroma; c) thylakoids; d) cristae; e) matrix 13. Light of the green wavelengths is commonly absorbed by which accessory pigment? a) chlorophyll a; b) chlorophyll b; c) phycocyanin; d) beta carotene 14. The carbon incorporated into the carbohydrate comes from ___. a) ATP; b) NADPH; c) carbon dioxide; d) glucose; e) organic molecules