Download 8th Grade Science Semester Exam Study Guide

8th Grade Science Semester Exam Study Guide
1. Identify and describe the three stress forces that affect Earth’s
crust.
2. What type of boundary is formed from a strike-slip fault?
3. Identify, describe, and illustrate how strike-slip faults, reverse
faults, and normal faults move and what stress force has an effect
on each fault. (Create a diagram to show the type of
stress, type of fault, and the type of movement- page 181 in
workbook)
Directions: Study the following diagram. Then answer the
questions 4 and 5 below.
A
B
C
4. When two normal faults cut through a block of rock, what type
of formation occurs?
5. Which sections of the diagram above would you expect to form
the floor of a valley or basin? Justify.
6. What is the shaking and trembling that results from the
movement of rock beneath the earth surface called?
7. Students should be able to understand how global winds can
have an affect on how hurricanes travel through making
observations and inferences of hurricane maps.
8. What type of tectonic forces tends to push two plates in opposite
directions so that they slide horizontally past one another? Draw an
illustration in reference to this event.
9. Identify and describe an anticline. (Draw an illustration)
10. Identify and describe a syncline. (Draw an illustration)
11. Illustrate and differentiate between the focus and epicenter of
an earthquake?
12. Which two global winds have the same pattern of wind travel?
13. What are the seismic waves that compress and expand the
ground like an accordion?
14. How would a cyclone be identified on a weather map?
15. Draw an illustration for a warm front. What happens to create
this type of front?
16. In what way is air pressure and altitude related?
17. In what ways is heat transferred in the atmosphere?
18. The greenhouse effect is an important process that takes place
within the troposphere of the planet. In what ways does the
greenhouse effect help make life possible on the planet?
19. Energy from the Sun travels to the Earth as electromagnetic
waves. How does infrared radiation affect living things?
20. Identify and describe the different types of heat transfers.
21. Each color of visible light travels as different electromagnetic
waves and is found on the electromagnetic spectrum. Which colors
have the longer wavelengths?
22. As waves continue to the right of the electromagnetic
spectrum, wavelengths are shorter, frequencies are higher, and
energy increases. In what ways do people use these
electromagnetic waves?
23. Differentiate between a land breeze and a sea breeze.
24. Define density
25. Illustrate and describe a dense air mass and a less dense air
mass.
26. Compare and contrast air masses with air pressure, density, and
temperature
27. Define Conduction. Give two examples of conduction.
28. Define convection. Give two examples of convection.
29. Define radiation. Give two examples of radiation.
30. Define global winds. Describe how global winds are produced.
31. Describe the global wind belts. Include location (latitude) and
wind direction.
32. Define humidity and relative humidity.
33. There are four different types of air masses, what are they and
where are they located (latitude)?
34. How does a hurricane form?
35. What determines the strength of a hurricane?
36. Illustrate a cold front, warm front, cyclone, and anticyclone as
they would be represented on a weather map. What type of weather
would you expect if a cold front came through the area followed by
a cyclone?
37. Describe the path that hurricanes follow and why. (Include
specific details as to why a hurricane would change direction).
38. Describe and illustrate the water cycle process.
39. Define a weather front.
40. Describe and illustrate the four types of fronts.
41. Describe a divergent, convergent, and transform boundary.
(Include the type of stress necessary to produce this type of
movement).
42. Volcanoes can form along divergent boundaries. Describe this
process.
43. In a convergent boundary, oftentimes one plate subduct under
another. What determines which plate will subduct under the
other?
44. Define lithosphere.
45. Define asthenosphere.
46. Describe what happens when the different plates collide.
 Oceanic plate collides with oceanic plate
 Oceanic plate collides with a continental plate
 A continental plate collides with a continental plate
47. Describe the different types of volcanoes and the steps required
to form each one