Download Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists: Physics, Biology

Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists: Physics, Biology, and
Protection, 8th Edition
Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology & Ch 27 Digital Fluoroscopy
Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Developed in 1953, the 18 gauge hollow ________ needle with a stylet is used to
puncture the femoral artery.
a. Judkins
b. Seldinger
c. Dotter
d. Jones
ANS: B
Developed in 1953, the 18 gauge hollow Seldinger needle with a stylet is used to
puncture the femoral artery.
DIF:
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
The most common risk for the angiography patient is
bleeding at the puncture site.
arterial puncture or tear.
drug reaction to contrast.
blood-clot formation.
ANS: A
The most common risk for the angiography patient is bleeding at the puncture site.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Identify the risks of arteriography.
3. During an interventional procedure ____________________ must be maintained on
the patient.
a. pulse oximetry
b. blood pressure measurement
c. electrocardiography
d. All of the above.
ANS: D
During an interventional procedure pulse oximetry, blood pressure measurement, and
electrocardiography must be maintained on the patient.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Identify the risks of arteriography.
4. The x-ray tube used for interventional radiologic procedures has a
Copyright © 2004 Mosby, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
small diameter anode.
small target angle.
large focal spot.
low power rating.
ANS: B
The x-ray tube used for interventional radiologic procedures has a small target angle.
DIF:
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
Serial radiography requires x-ray equipment with a
large small target angle.
small anode disk.
low heat capacity.
high power rating.
ANS: D
Serial radiography requires x-ray equipment with a high power rating.
DIF:
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
The focal spot used for magnification of small vessels cannot be larger than ____ mm.
0.3
0.4
0.7
1.0
ANS: A
The focal spot used for magnification of small vessels cannot be larger than 0.3 mm.
DIF:
7.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
The size and construction of the _________ determines the anode heat capacity.
tube housing
cathode wire
bearing assembly
anode disk
ANS: D
The size and construction of the anode disk determines the anode heat capacity.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Discuss the advantages that nonionic (water soluble) contrast media offer over
ionic contrast media.
8. The power rating for an interventional radiography tube should be at least ___ kW.
a. 20
b. 40
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
c. 80
d. 100
ANS: C
The power rating for an interventional radiography tube should be at least 80 kW.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
9. When one is imaging a flow of contrast from the abdomen to the feet, a
_____________ is used.
a. tilting table
b. stepping table
c. sliding tube
d. cine camera
ANS: B
When one is imaging a flow of contrast from abdomen to feet, a stepping table is used.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
10. The patient table is moved with a floor switch to maintain a _________________.
a. better motion control
b. smooth movement
c. low exposure rate
d. sterile field
ANS: D
The patient table is moved with a floor switch to maintain a sterile field.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
11. During cinefluorographic imaging, the x-ray tube is energized
a. during the time of cine exposure.
b. during the time between frames.
c. during every other frame
d. Both a and b.
ANS: A
During cinefluorographic imaging, the x-ray tube is energized during the time of cine
exposure.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
12. Cine cameras are driven by ____________ motors.
a. induction
b. synchronous
c. unsynchronized
d. direct current
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
4
ANS: B
Cine cameras are driven by synchronous motors.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
13. As the frame rate of the cine camera is increased, the _____________ is also
increased.
a. image blur
b. spatial resolution
c. contrast resolution
d. patient dose
ANS: D
As the frame rate of the cine camera is increased, the patient dose is also increased.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe measures are used to provide radiation protection for patients and
personnel during interventional procedures.
14. The _________ artery is the one most often accessed for arteriograms.
a. pulmonary
b. carotid
c. femoral
d. brachial
ANS: C
The femoral artery is the one most often accessed for arteriograms.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the reasons why minimally invasive (percutaneous) vascular procedures
are more of a benefit than traditional surgical procedures.
15. A patient must have ________________________ before having an angiography or
interventional procedure.
a. a history and physical examination
b. orders for IV hydration
c. a diet of clear liquids
d. All of the above.
ANS: D
A patient must have a history and physical examination, orders for IV hydration, and a
diet of clear liquids before having an angiography or interventional procedure.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Identify the risks of arteriography.
16. The use of ______________ reduces the risk of a drug reaction during angiographic
procedures.
a. hydrophilic catheters
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
5
b. ionic contrast
c. nonionic contrast
d. heparin coating
ANS: C
The use of nonionic contrast reduces the risk of a drug reaction during interventional and
angiographic procedures.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Identify the risks of arteriography.
17. The highest cine frame rates are required for __________ studies.
a. cardiac
b. pulmonary
c. run-off
d. cerebral
ANS: A
The highest cine frame rates are required for cardiac studies.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
18. The highest cine frame rate possible is ____ frames per second.
a. 100
b. 60
c. 30
d. 15
ANS: B
The highest cine frame rate possible is 60 frames per second.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
19. ___________ is an example of an interventional procedure.
a. Cardiac catheterization
b. Myelography
c. Angioplasty
d. Angiography
ANS: C
Angioplasty is an example of an interventional procedure.
DIF:
Moderate
OBJ: Describe the special equipment in the interventional suite.
20. A technologist who passes the ARRT exam in cardiovascular and interventional
radiography may add ______ after the RT (R).
a. (VT)
b. (CI)
c. (IR)
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
d. (CV)
ANS: D
A technologist who passes the ARRT exam in cardiovascular and interventional
radiography may add (CV) after the RT (R).
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the role of the cardiovascular and interventional technologist.
Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists: Physics, Biology, and
Protection, 8th Edition
Chapter 28: Digital Fluoroscopy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Digital fluoroscopy uses ______ monitor(s).
1
2
3
4
ANS: B
Digital fluoroscopy uses 2 monitors.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
2. The time it takes to turn on the digital fluoroscopy x-ray tube and reach the selected
mA and kVp is the ___________ time.
a. interrogation
b. extinction
c. radiographic
d. acquisition
ANS: A
The time it takes to turn on the digital fluoroscopy x-ray tube and reach the selected mA
and kVp is the interrogation time.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
3.
a.
b.
c.
A charge coupled device used in digital fluoroscopy provides high
spatial resolution.
signal-to-noise ratio.
detective quantum efficiency.
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
7
d. All of the above.
ANS: D
A charge coupled device used in digital fluoroscopy provides high spatial resolution, high
signal-to-noise ratio, and high detective quantum efficiency.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
4. A digital fluoroscopy with a charge coupled device has lower _________ and higher
_________ than conventional fluoroscopy.
a. light sensitivity, patient dose
b. patient dose, light sensitivity
c. detective quantum efficiency, maintenance
d. signal-to-noise ratio, patient dose
ANS: B
A digital fluoroscopy with a charge coupled device has lower patient dose and higher
light sensitivity than conventional fluoroscopy.
DIF: Difficult
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A principal advantage of digital fluoroscopy is the
dynamic range.
image acquisition rate.
image subtraction.
progressive mode.
ANS: C
A principal advantage of digital fluoroscopy is the image subtraction technique.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Digital fluoroscopy energy subtraction has less ________ than temporal subtraction.
complexity
x-ray intensity
kVp switching
motion artifact
ANS: D
Digital fluoroscopy energy subtraction has less motion artifact than temporal subtraction.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
7. Image integration results in
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
a.
b.
c.
d.
increased patient dose.
decreased patient dose.
decreased contrast resolution.
increased noise artifact.
ANS: A
Image integration results in increased patient dose.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
8. Energy subtraction technique takes advantage of the difference in _______ during
contrast injection.
a. tissue density
b. K-edge absorption
c. Compton scatter
d. patient thickness
ANS: B
Energy subtraction technique takes advantage of the difference in K-edge absorption
during contrast injection.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
9.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Digital fluoroscopy systems with hybrid capabilities use both
interlace and progressive modes.
high mAs and low mass techniques.
temporal and energy subtraction.
charge coupled devices and TV monitors.
ANS: C
Digital fluoroscopy systems with hybrid capabilities use both temporal and energy
subtraction.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
10. Remasking may be required due to
a. noise artifacts.
b. motion artifacts.
c. technical factors.
d. Any of the above.
ANS: D
Remasking may be required due to noise, motion, or technical factors.
DIF:
Moderate
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Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
OBJ: Describe the parts of a digital fluoroscopy system and their functions.
11. The display for PACS must have a minimum of _________ screen resolution.
a. 2048 × 2048
b. 925 × 925
c. 1024 × 1024
d. 256 × 256
ANS: A
The display for PACS must have a minimum of 2048 × 2048 screen resolution.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Explain the picture archiving and teleradiology systems used in diagnostic
imaging departments.
12. When using the PACS system, ____________ is useful for viewing fractures and
small, high contrast objects.
a. windowing
b. edge enhancement
c. subtraction
d. highlighting
ANS: B
When using the PACS system, edge enhancement is useful for viewing fractures and
small, high contrast objects.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Explain the picture archiving and teleradiology systems used in diagnostic
imaging departments.
13. When identifying diffuse nonfocal disease, ________ is effective on the PACS
monitor.
a. windowing
b. edge enhancement
c. highlighting
d. scrolling
ANS: C
When identifying diffuse nonfocal disease, highlighting is effective on the PACS
monitor.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Explain the picture archiving and teleradiology systems used in diagnostic
imaging departments.
14. In a PACS network, each of the workstations and hospital mainframes is called a
________.
a. workstation
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9
Chapter 25: Interventional Radiology
10
b. database
c. DICOM
d. client
ANS: D
In a PACS network, each of the workstations and hospital mainframes is called a client.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Explain the picture archiving and teleradiology systems used in diagnostic
imaging departments.
15. Teleradiology refers to _________ of images.
a. long-term storage
b. realtime viewing
c. remote transmission
d. telephone transmission
ANS: C
Teleradiology refers to remote transmission of images.
DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Explain the picture archiving and teleradiology systems used in diagnostic
imaging departments.
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